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This lesson focuses on relative clauses in Latin, emphasizing their structure and use. Relative clauses describe nouns and begin with relative pronouns such as qui, quae, and quod, meaning "who," "which," or "that." Through various examples, students learn how to identify and translate these clauses effectively. Practice exercises include translating sentences and underlining relative clauses while circling the nouns they describe. This comprehensive guide aims to enhance students' grasp of Latin grammar and improve their translation skills.
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Relative Clauses Stage 15
Relative Clauses • Ancillaurnamportabat. • The slave girl was carrying the jug. • Ancilla, quae post Salviumambulabat, urnamportabat. • The slave girl, who was walking behind Salvius, was carrying the jug. • The words in bold form a relative clause. The underlined word which introduces the clause is a relative pronoun. • Relative pronouns: qui, quae, quod = who, which, that
More Examples • Vilicus, qui cum praecursoribusequitabat, ad Salviumredit. • The farm manager, who was riding with the forerunners, returned to Salvius. The relative clause describes the farm manager. • Propeiuveneseratplaustrum, quodtotamviamclaudebat. • Near the young men was a wagon, which was blocking the whole road. • The relative clause describes the wagon.
Practice • Return to pp. 52-53. For each model sentence with a relative clause, underline the relative clause and circle the noun it describes. • 1. senex, qui sceptrumtenebat, eratrexCogidubnus. • The old man, who was holding the scepter, was king Cogidubnus. • 2. femina, quae coronamgerebat, eratregina. • The woman, who was wearing a crown, was the queen.
3. donum, quod regemmaximedelectavit, eratequus. • The gift, which pleased the king very greatly, was a horse. • 4. vinum, quod ancillaeferebant, erat in pateraaurea. • The wine, which the slave girls were carrying, was in a golden bowl. • 5. agnus, quemservusducebat, eratvictima. • The sheep, which the slave was leading, was the sacrifice. • 6. victima, quam servustenebat, balavit. • The sacrifice, which the slave was holding, bleated.
In summation: • Relative Clauses… …are phrases that describe a noun. …begin with the relative pronoun qui, quae, quod. • Your homework: Part C p. 58 #1-6 Translate each sentence, then write down the LATIN relative clause and the LATIN noun it describes. • You must follow all directions to get full credit!
