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German Reaction to Versailles Treaty: Justified Outrage and Anger

This text explores the German population's feelings of anger and humiliation towards the Versailles Treaty, questioning its fairness and predicting future conflicts. It contrasts the Allied view that the treaty was justified and the best possible compromise, referencing Russian surrender at Brest-Litovsk, French intentions of revenge, British desire for justice, and USA's Wilsonian internationalism. The dissatisfaction of Italy and Japan's reaction to the treaty are also examined.

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German Reaction to Versailles Treaty: Justified Outrage and Anger

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  1. Reaction of Germany to Versailles. Was it justified?

  2. A. German reaction: Humiliation, Outrage & Anger Read p 35

  3. Fredrich Ebert We want a fair treaty and got nothing of that sort. The Germany population feels angry and in part humiliated by the terms. This treaty does not stand for right. It is a dictated peace that will provoke fresh hatred between the nations. This peace will not be a peace that will last.

  4. B. Allied View: Justified & Best Possible Compromise

  5. C. Best Possible Compromise

  6. Russian Surrender - Treaty of Brest Litovsk

  7. Overthrow of Tsar Nicholas II Russia Becomes a Communist State after the October Revolution. The USSR is created

  8. Brest-Litovsk - 25% territory - 34% population - 50% industries - 80% coalmines - 300 million gold roubles Versailles - 13% territory - 12.5% population - nearly 50% industries - 16% coalmines - 6.6 billion pounds

  9. French Intentions: Revenge - Not Harsh enough - Pressure from Britain and France - French disappointed with him for not exacting a harsher treaty - Voted him out in 1920 French Presidential elections

  10. British Intentions: Justice - Versailles was too harsh - “a great pity” - predicted another world war would occur because of the deep resentment among the Germans - Generally glad about the treaty

  11. USA: Wilsonian Internationalism and Idealism - treaty was too harsh - pressure from Britain and France - Stroke in October 1919 that totally incapicitated him and it was kept from the public till his death. - Golden opportunity for US involvement in the Leage mised. - US senate rejected TOV and League 1856-1924

  12. C. Dissatisfaction of Italy Vittorio Orlando

  13. Treaty of London - negotiated secretly by France, Russia, and Britain with Italy a. loan of £50 million b. promise to support Italy's extensive territorial demands after the war -Trent, Southern Tyrol, Istria, Gorizia and Dalmatia

  14. Italy was granted Trentino, Trieste, (the German-speaking), South Tyrol, and Istria. But Dalmatia was excluded, as was Fiume; A postcard from that period.

  15. E. Japan’s Reaction Japanese Possessions

  16. German rights to Jiaozhou Bay or Kiaochow in Shandong

  17. Japan’s proposed Racial Equality Clause is rejected

  18. Reactions & Demands of China Hua Shilou building Qingdao Zhanqiao pier, Qingdao Qufu, Shandong. Birthplace of Confucius

  19. - Feb 20 1917, Russo-Japanese agreement. Russia recognized 21 Demands and Russian gains in Outehr Mongolio recognized. - Feb 21 1917 Anglo-Japanese agreement. Shantung for British claims to German islands in pacific south of the Equator - Similar treaties with Italy and France - Nov 1917, Lansing-Ishii Agreement of Nov - Sept 1918, Secret Pact between Beijing and Tokyo. Loan of 20 million Yen to China & Japanese rights to build 2 railways in Shantung and station troops

  20. May 4th Movement

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