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ELECTROLYSIS

ELECTROLYSIS. Decomposition using an electric current. Electrolysis Cell. Battery – provides power to start reaction Wires – carry the current Electrodes – carry the electric current into the electrolyte, does not react Cathode – negative electrode, attracts positive ions

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ELECTROLYSIS

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  1. ELECTROLYSIS Decomposition using an electric current

  2. Electrolysis Cell • Battery – provides power to start reaction • Wires – carry the current • Electrodes – carry the electric current into the electrolyte, does not react • Cathode – negative electrode, attracts positive ions • Anode – positive electrode, attracts negative ions • Electrolyte – molten ionic salt, is decomposed by the current

  3. Electrolysis of molten lead bromide http://www.gcsescience.com

  4. Electrolysis of molten lead bromide • Lead bromide = lead + bromine • Fume cupboard – toxic bromine fumes • Carbon electrodes • Heated to melt salt – allows ions to move • Silver beads of lead formed at the cathode (-) • Orange fumes of bromine form at the anode (+)

  5. Extraction of aluminium

  6. Extraction of aluminium • Aluminium oxide = aluminium + oxygen • Cryolite is added to reduce the melting point of aluminium oxide • Carbon electrodes are used • Aluminium metal is formed at the cathode • Oxygen gas is formed at the anode • Oxygen reacts with the carbon anode wearing it away, the anode has to be replaced

  7. Purification of Copper

  8. Purification of Copper • Impure copper is placed on the anode (+) • Pure copper is placed on the cathode (-) • Copper sulphate solution is the electrolyte • No colour change occurs in the electrolyte

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