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Columna vertebralis

Columna vertebralis. 7 vertebrae cervicales 12 vertebrae thoracicae 5 vertebrae lumbales 5 vertebrae sacrales joined in os sacrum 4-5 vertebrae coccygeae joined in u os coccygis. Common features of all vertebrae.

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Columna vertebralis

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  1. Columna vertebralis 7 vertebrae cervicales 12 vertebrae thoracicae 5 vertebrae lumbales 5 vertebrae sacrales joined in os sacrum 4-5 vertebrae coccygeae joined in u os coccygis

  2. Common features of all vertebrae • - corpus vertebrae (trup kralješka) – veličina im raste prema donjem kraju kralježnice • - arcus vertebrae (luk kralješka) – počinje čvrstim korijenima (pediculus arcus vertebrae), straga ih spaja pločica (lamina arcus vertebrae), a završava šiljatim nastavkom (processus spinosus); urez - incisura vertebralis sup. & inf. (f. intervertebrale) • - 2 para zglobnih nastavaka na prijelazu korijena u luk – gornji i donji zglobni nastavci (processus articulares superiores et processus articulares inferiores) • - 2 poprečna nastavka lateralno od korijena luka (processus transversus) • 1 šiljasti nastavak (processus spinosus) • foramen vertebrale – omeđen je sprijeda trupom, sa strane korijenom, a straga pločicom luka kralješka; otvori poredani jedan iznad drugog tvore canalis vertebralis (spinalis) u kojem je smještena medulla spinalis (kralješnična moždina) • - pojedine skupine kralježaka imaju posebne odlike po kojima ih razlikujemo, ali prijelaz između njih nije nagao, pa npr. gornji grudni nalikuju vratnima, a donji grudni slabinskim kralješcima Thoracic Lumbar

  3. 7: atlas, axis, v. c. III, IV, V, VI, v. prominens

  4. Typical cervical vertebrae (C3-C7): - malo tijelo, a velik (veći od tijela) trokutast spinalni kanal - rascjepljen šiljasti nastavak (C2-C6) - rascjepljen poprečni nastavak u dvije kvržice: - tuberculum anterius (zakržljalo vratno rebro – C7) - tuberculum posterius (pravi poprečni nastavak) - između kvržica je žlijeb (sulcus nn. spinalis) - u samom poprečnom nastavku je f. transversarium - kroz njega prolaze a. i v. vertebralis - gornje zglobne plohe usmjerene natrag i gore, donje naprijed i dolje

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