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CHEMISTRY

CHEMISTRY. BIG IDEAS. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines what the element is. The way that electrons are organized around the nucleus of an atom determines how it interacts with other substances.

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CHEMISTRY

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  1. CHEMISTRY

  2. BIG IDEAS • The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines what the element is. • Theway that electrons are organized around the nucleus of an atom determineshow it interacts with other substances. • Atoms join together chemically to create strong bonds resulting in new substances called compounds.

  3. Atomic Structure

  4. Main Ideas: • An atomis the smallest part of an element that can exist and still be identifiable as that element; building blocks of elements. • An element a type of matter made of many identical atoms.

  5. An atomis the smallest part of an element that can exist.

  6. An element is a substance made up of a single type of tiny particles called atoms.

  7. Meet the Elements Song- TMBG Elements Song- Tom Lehrer

  8. What are atoms? -Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter that make up everyday objects. -A desk, the air, even you are made up of atoms! -There are 90 naturally occurring kinds of atoms.

  9. How do atoms get their identity? # of PROTONS = atomic number

  10. ATOMIC NUMBER and MASS NUMBER Atomic number 6 C Number of protons (+) Mass number 12 Protons + Neutrons

  11. Elemental Notation • Atomic Number – the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. • Atomic Mass – the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.

  12. Moleculesare a single unit of 2+ atoms bonded together. • usually same type of atom • Compoundsare many molecules; made of 2+ different elements (different types of atoms) that are chemically bonded together so elements have new properties (ex: NaCl) • examples of differences between molecules and compounds

  13. Magnesium Atoms Oxygen Atoms Molecules of magnesium oxide Summary compound element element molecule atom atom

  14. Compounds are pure substances made of 2 or more elements chemically BONDED together.

  15. Which are molecules and which are compounds?

  16. If lithiumis added to water, lithium reacts with the water molecule forming lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Li+ + H2O  LiOH + H2 Alkali

  17. Count the atoms for each element that makes up the following compounds: Example: Water – H2O 2 atoms of Hydrogen 1 atom of oxygen COUNTING ATOMS

  18. A MIXTURE is a material made up of 2+ substances which may be elements or compounds that are NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED.

  19. Properties of Mixtures • The composition of a mixture is variable. • Each of its components retains its characteristic properties. • Its components are easily separated.

  20. Which are mixtures and which are compounds? • soil • ocean water (H20 + NaCl) • air (O2 + N2 + CO2 + Ar) • water (H2O) • table salt (NaCl) • Sugar (C12H22O12)

  21. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/Mixtures.htmlhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/Mixtures.html

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