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The Settlement of New England. Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Edited by SKGilbert , South Cobb HS. Separatists. vs. Puritans. The Mayflower. 1620 a group of 102 people [half Separatists] Negotiated with the Virginia Company to settle in its jurisdiction.
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The Settlement of New England Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Edited by SKGilbert, South Cobb HS
Separatists vs. Puritans
The Mayflower • 1620 a group of 102 people [half Separatists] • Negotiated with theVirginia Company to settle in its jurisdiction. • settledoutside the domain of the Virginia Company.
The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620 • Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a crude govt. and submit to majority rule. • Signed by 41 adult males. • Stated they would make and OBEY their own laws
That First Year…. • Winter of 1620-1621 • Only 44 out of the original 102 survived. • None chose to leave in 1621 when the Mayflower sailed back. • Fall of 1621 First “Thanksgiving.”
John Winthrop • Became 1st governor of Massachusetts. • Create a model Puritan settlement “We shall be as a city on a hill”
Characteristics of New England Settlements • Low mortality average life expectancy was 70 years of age. • Many extended families. • Average 6 children per family. • Average age at marriage: • Women – 22 years old • Men – 27 years old.
What’s it like being a Puritan? • The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked. • His wrath towards you burns like fire; he looks upon you as worthy of nothing else but to be cast into the fire. • You are ten thousand times more abominable in his eyes than the most hateful venomous serpent is in ours. • There is no other reason to be given, why you have not dropped into hell since you arose in the morning, but that God’s hand has held you up.
Puritan “Rebels” • Young, popular minister in Salem. • Argued for a the • “Separation between church • And state” • Condemned MA Bay Charter. • Did not give fair compensation to Indians. • 1635 found guilty of preaching newe & dangerous opinions and was exiled. • Fled to Rhode Island Roger Williams
Anne Hutchinson • Bragged that she had received her beliefs DIRECTLY from God. • Puritan leaders banished her she & her family traveled to RI and later to NY. • She and all but one member of her family were killed in an Indian attack in Westchester County. • John Winthrop saw God’s hand in this! • Term: DISSIDENT – person who disagrees with established authority
Puritans vs. Native Americans • Indians especially weak in New England epidemics wiped out ¾ of the native popul. • Wampanoags [near Plymouth] befriended the settlers. • Cooperation between the two helped by Squanto. • 1621 Chief Massasoit signedtreaty with the settlers. • Autumn, 1621 both groups celebrated the First Thanksgiving.
The First Thanksgiving? In 1863, President Lincoln proclaimed Thanksgiving an official US holiday.
The Pequot Wars: 1636-1637 • Pequots verypowerful tribein CT river valley. • 1637 PequotWar • Whites, withNarragansettIndian allies,attacked Pequotvillage on Mystic River. • Whites set fire to homes & shot fleeing survivors! • Pequot tribe virtually annihilated an uneasy peace lasted for 40 years.
King Philip’s War (1675-1676} • Only hope for Native Americans to resist white settlers was to UNITE. • Metacomet [King Philip to white settlers] • Massasoit’s son united Indians and staged coordinated attacks on white settlements throughout New England. • Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston.
King Philip’s War (1675-1676} • The war ended in failure for the Indians • Metacomet beheaded and drawn and quartered. • His son and wife sold into slavery. • Never a serious threat in New England again!!
