CONTRACEPTION

1. CONTRACEPTION Adapted from: Choosing a Contraceptive That’s Right for U: Comparative Chart. SexualityandU.ca

2. CONTRACEPTION IS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE WAYS TO PREVENT UNINTENDED PREGNANCY. WHAT IS CONTRACEPTION?

3. CONTRACEPTION METHODS USUALLY FALL INTO TWO CATEGORIES • HORMONAL METHODS • BARRIER METHODS WHAT IS CONTRACEPTION?

4. WHAT IS IT? • HOW DOES IT WORK? • HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? GROUP ACTIVITY:METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION Adapted from: Beyond the Basics: A Sourcebook on Sexuality and Reproductive Health. Canadian Federation for Sexual Health, 2005.

5. ABSTINENCE

6. WHAT IS IT? • CHOICE TO NOT PARTICIPATE IN CERTAIN SEXUAL CONTACT HOW DOES IT WORK? • ABSTAIN FROM CERTAIN SEXUAL CONTACT HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 100% EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING PREGNANCY AND STI’S WHEN USED ALL THE TIME WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • BOUNDARIES, COMMUNICATION ABSTINENCE/POSTPONING

7. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • VERY EFFECTIVE • NOT READY FOR SEX • RELIGIOUS AND OR CULTURAL BELIEFS WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • READY FOR SEX • PRESSURE FROM PARTNER • NOT ABLE TO COMMUNICATE WITH PARTNER ABSTINENCE/POSTPONING

8. CONDOMS

9. WHAT IS IT? • PHYSICAL BARRIER, SOFT THIN SHEATH HOW DOES IT WORK? • LATEX BARRIERS PREVENT SEMEN FROM GETTING INTO BODY CAVITIES HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 85% TYPICAL, 98% PERFECT WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • NO PRESCRIPTION • PURCHASE AT PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT STORE, CORNER STORE $12- $20 PER BOX • FREE FROM THE PORCUPINE HEALTH UNIT, ANYTIME CONDOMS

10. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • EASY TO GET • EASY TO USE • NO PRESCRIPTION • PROVIDES PROTECTION FROM STI’S WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • REQUIRES PLANNING • REDUCED SENSATION CONDOMS

11. ECP – MORNING AFTER PILL

12. WHAT IS IT? • HORMONE PILL HOW DOES IT WORK? • HIGH DOES OF ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE • DELAY OR PREVENT OVULATION • CHANGES THE ENDOMETRIUM (THE LINING OF THE UTERUS) AND VAGINAL SECRETIONS HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 75% (APPROX) WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • AVAILABLE FROM SEXUAL HEALTH CLINIC, PHARMACY AND DOCTOR WITHOUT A PRESCRIPTION. ECP – MORNING AFTER PILL

13. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • NO OTHER CONTRACEPTION USED • BROKEN CONDOM • SEXUAL ASSAULT • MISSED PILL WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD • TOO MUCH TIME HAS PASSED (MORE THAN 5 DAYS) • MEDICAL REASON NOT TO TAKE HORMONES • IF THIS IS THE ONLY CONTRACEPTION TAKEN (SHOULD NOT BE USED ROUTINELY) ECP – MORNING AFTER PILL

14. ORAL CONTRACEPTION – THE PILL

15. WHAT IS IT? • HORMONE PILL, TAKEN DAILY HOW DOES IT WORK? • CONTAINS ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE • PREVENTS OVULATION • THICKENS CERVICAL MUCOUS TO BLOCK SPERM • THINS THE ENDOMETRIUM HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 92% TYPICAL, 99.7% PERFECT WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • PRESCRIPTION FROM DOCTOR OR NP • COSTS $20-$30 FROM A PHARMACY, $12 FROM THE PORCUPINE HEALTH UNIT ORAL CONTRACEPTION – THE PILL

16. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • VERY EFFECTIVE • EASY TO USE, AND SAFE WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • RARE SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS • REMEMBERING TO TAKE IT EACH DAY ON TIME • NO PROTECTION FROM STI’S ORAL CONTRACEPTION – THE PILL

17. CONTRACEPTIVE PATCH

18. WHAT IS IT? • A TRANSDERMAL PATCH ATTACHED TO THE SKIN HOW DO YOU USE IT? • STAYS ON THE SKIN FOR 7 DAYS • HORMONES ARE ABSORBED THROUGH THE SKIN • PERFORMS THE SAME FUNCTIONS AS THE PILL HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 92% TYPICAL, 99.7 PERFECT WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • A PRESCRIPTION FROM A DOCTOR OR NP • $20-$30 FROM THE PHARMACY, $12 FROM THE PORCUPINE HEALTH UNIT CONTRACEPTIVE PATCH

19. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • EFFECTIVE WHEN USED PROPERLY • ONLY NEEDS TO BE CHANGED WEEKLY WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • RARELY, SKIN REACTION TO THE ADHESIVE • NO PROTECTION FROM STI’S CONTRACEPTIVE PATCH

20. DEPO-PROVERA (THE NEEDLE)

21. WHAT IS IT? • INJECTABLE HORMONES HOW DOES IT WORK? • INJECTABLE PROGESTERONE PREVENTS OVULATION • THINS THE ENDOMETRIUM • THICKENS CERVICAL MUCOUS HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 97% TYPICAL, 99.7% PERFECT WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • PRESCRIPTION FROM DOCTOR OR NP • HAVE IT INJECTED BY NURSE OR DOCTOR • COSTS ABOUT $40 PER INJECTION (EVERY 3 MONTHS) DEPO-PROVERA (THE NEEDLE)

22. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • ONLY NEED TO HAVE AN INJECTION EVERY 3 MONTHS • VERY EFFECTIVE • NO PERIOD (USUALLY) WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS WITH LONG TERM USE (DECREASED BONE DENSITY) • NO PROTECTION AGAINST STI’S DEPO-PROVERA (THE NEEDLE)

23. IUS – INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM

24. WHAT IS IT? • A T-SHAPED DEVICE INSERTED INTO THE UTERUS (CONTAINS HORMONES) HOW DOES IT WORK? • THICKENS CERVICAL MUCOUS • PREVENTS IMPLANTATION BY CHANGING THE LINING OF THE UTERUS • MAY PREVENT THE RELEASE OF AN EGG HOW EFFECTIVE IS IT? • 99.8% TYPICAL, 99.8% PERFECT WHAT DO YOU NEED TO USE IT? • A PRESCRPTION FROM A DOCTOR OR NP • A TRAINED DOCOTOR OR NP TO INSERT IT THE IUS – INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM

25. WHY WOULD SOMEONE CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • LONG ACTING • PASSIVE • MAY DECREASE OR CEASE MENSTRUAL FLOW WHY WOULD SOMEONE NOT CHOOSE THIS METHOD? • EXPENSIVE TO GET STARTED • MAY CAUSE SPOTTING OR IRREGULAR BLEEDING • MUST BE INSERTED AND REMOVED BY A HEALTH PROFESSIONAL THE IUS – THE INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM

26. HORMONAL METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION OFFER NO PROTECTION AGAINST SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS. THEY ONLY WORK TO PREVENT UNINTENDED PREGANCY. • CONDOMS HELP TO PREVENT UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES AND HELP TO PROTECT AGAINST THE SPREAD OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS. Remember…

27. Optional Class Activity:Birth Control Walkaround Adapted from: Birth Control Walkaround. Su Nottingham, 1996.