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This chapter explores the intricate relationship between climate and horticulture, focusing on tropical, subtropical, and dry climate regions. It defines climate components including temperature, moisture, and light, while discussing their influence on fruit crops. The significance of plant hardiness zones as outlined by the USDA is highlighted, along with resources like the Arnold Arboretum Map and Floradapt Map. The chapter also emphasizes the variations within climates, including microclimates, and their ecological impacts on crop distribution and horticultural industry practices.
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Chap 19. Horticultural Geography Climate Climatic Regions Tropical and Subtropical Dry Climate (Arid, Semi-Arid) Temperature Zone Distribution of Selected Fruit Crops Plant Hardiness Zones Definition USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map Arnold Arboretum Map Floradapt Map based on Minimum Temperatues
Climate • Climate if affected by: a. Latitude b. Circulation of atmosphere and ocean current B. Components: a. Temperature b. Moisture (Precipitation) c. Light C. Microclimate: a. The climate of ‘small’ area b. Location vs. site: - Location: geographic, climatic area - Site: microclimate within a location D. Ecology: a. Study of life forms in relation to environment b. Climate influences distribution of horticultural crops and industry
2. Climatic Regions A.Tropical Regions B. Subtropical Regions C. Dry Climate D. Mediterranean E. Temperate Zone F. Mountain (Tundra)
Tropical and Subtropical Climate • a. Hot and wet all year round • b. Low light under tree canopy
B. Dry Climate a. Arid regions b. Semi-arid regions
Semi-Arid Climate - Low annual precipitation - Sonoran Desert of the Southwest
C. Mediterranean Climate A. Climate: Mild winters Dry hot summers B. Regions: Italy, Southern France, Spain Coastal California
D. Temperate Zone Climate - Deciduous trees and shrubs - Distinctive four seasons
E. Mountain Climate (Tundra) - Very cold year round