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Conflict & War

Conflict & War. The Crusades. Crusaders Capture Jerusalem. Holy Wars for Jerusalem 1 st Crusade: Pope Urban—“God wills it!” 2 nd Crusade: Falls to Muslims 3 rd Crusade: Richard the Lionheart & Saladin, City opens to Pilgrims

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Conflict & War

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  1. Conflict & War

  2. The Crusades Crusaders Capture Jerusalem Holy Wars for Jerusalem 1st Crusade: Pope Urban—“God wills it!” 2nd Crusade: Falls to Muslims 3rd Crusade: Richard the Lionheart & Saladin, City opens to Pilgrims 4th Crusade: Christians fighting Christians in Constantinople, Muslims attack

  3. Effects of the Crusades • Expanded economy & culture • More power to Kings & Popes • Exploration • Reconquista: • Christians v. Muslims in Spain • Ferdinand and Isabella • Inquisition — “crusade” against Muslims and Jews, religious unity

  4. Revival of Learning & Culture of the Middle AgesThe High Middle Ages

  5. Universities • Need better educated priests • 5am-5pm • Women didn’t attend • Degree takes 12 years Christine de Pisan: The City of Ladies

  6. Scholasticism • Christianity could be proved with logical argument • Influenced by Aristotle • Thomas Aquinas: Summa Theologica • Combined Greek and Christian thought • Debated issues

  7. Literature • Romances: • Song of Roland (Charlemagne) • King Arthur The Canterbury Tales Shows Medieval life Hero Epic-El Cid Vernacular: everyday language

  8. Architecture • Gothic Style: • Tall spires & Tall Windows • Flying Buttress Reaching towards Heaven , City of God Romanesque

  9. Art Book of Kells Dublin, Ireland Illumination—decoration of books or manuscripts

  10. Tapestries Functional art Medieval documents Bayeux Tapestry—William the Conqueror

  11. Crisis! The Late Middle Ages

  12. The Black Death • Fatal disease that spreads thru Europe • 1/3 of population killed • Terror among people • Economic downturn

  13. Church • Western Schism • Two popes • Rome v. Avignon

  14. Church • Wycliffe & Hus call for reform • Frustrated over corruption • Bible > Church • Bible in English

  15. 100 Years’ War • France v. England • Economic and land • Early Eng. Victories • Battle of Agincourt & Henry V • Better Weapons: Longbow • Joan of Arc • Increase in military, trade, kings’ power

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