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Global Public Goods

Global Public Goods. By Margret Thalwitz, Director, Global Programs & Partnerships (GPP). Slide 1: What are Global Public Goods?. Global Public Goods are commodities, services or resources with shared benefits. They possess two characteristics:

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Global Public Goods

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  1. Global Public Goods By Margret Thalwitz, Director, Global Programs & Partnerships (GPP)

  2. Slide 1: What are Global Public Goods? • Global Public Goods are commodities, services or resources with shared benefits. They possess two characteristics: • They produce benefits that are impossible to prevent everyone from enjoying • Consumption by one individual does not detract from that of another. An example of a global public good is clean air. Source: Development Committee Paper “Poverty reduction and Global Public Goods”, September 2000

  3. Slide 2: What are Global Public Goods? • International public goods, global and regional, address issues that: • are deemed to be important to the international community, to both developed and developing countries;  • typically cannot, or will not, be adequately addressed by individual countries or entities acting alone, and, in such cases; • are best addressed collectively on a multilateral basis. Source: International Task Force on GPGs

  4. Slide 3: Why do we need to care? It’s about “Globalization”. Note: Adapted from Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21st Century, Ed. Inge Kaul et al.

  5. Slide 4: GPGs are under-delivered • Institutional arrangements are unclear; • Cross-border externalities can discourage provision of GPGs; • Policy making is typically at national level; International cooperation is difficult to negotiate and implement.

  6. Slide 5: Institutions delivering GPGs • Countries • The United Nations • Multilateral development agencies, including the World Bank • Regional Institutions

  7. Slide 6: Financing for GPGs • Cross-border spillovers can create a financing gap; • To shore up GPG financing, part of Official Development Assistance (ODA) is committed to GPGs (up to 25% by some estimates); • In key areas, rich nations finance provision of GPGs • E.g. Global Fund to Fight Aids, TB, and Malaria and Global Environment Fund • However, concerns are raised about resources flowing from activities reserved for poor countries to activities that benefit all countries including rich ones.

  8. Slide 7: International Cooperation • State-centric policy making and GPG deficit necessitate international cooperation; • Cooperation can be in the form of international laws, agreements, and protocols; • Such cooperation can be difficult to obtain and its objectives even harder to implement.

  9. Slide 8: Conclusion • Global Public Goods are important to all of us; • They are currently under-delivered; • A GPG deficit can have serious consequences; • There are legitimate reasons why such a deficit exists; • International cooperation with a focus on appropriate resource allocation and institutional arrangements will be critical.

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