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Nigeria's Public Policy Landscape: The Loyalty Pyramid and Economic Challenges

Explore Nigeria's top-down policymaking structure, rooted in patron-clientelism and the historical influence of figures like the "Kaduna Mafia" and "Abacha's Boys." Analyze economic issues such as the impact of oil wealth, debt struggles, and communalism, alongside the structural adjustment efforts and the push for true federalism. Witness the democratization journey from the past military rule to recent peaceful transitions and enhanced civil society engagement, evaluating the progress and ongoing challenges in Nigeria's political landscape.

mackenzie-griffin
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Nigeria's Public Policy Landscape: The Loyalty Pyramid and Economic Challenges

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  1. Nigeria PublicPolicy

  2. The “loyalty Pyramid” • Top-downpolicymaking • Frompresidentormilitary • Basedonpatron-clientelism • Onlythoseonthepyramidhaveaccesstopower and wealth • “Kaduna Mafia”, “Abacha´sBoys” • Breakingthecycle… • Communalism of pre-colonial times

  3. Economic issues • Oil : strengthorweakness? • Profitsdisappeared • Rentierstate in debt • South skeptical of “revenuesharing” idea w/ north • Unrest in theNiger delta area - violence • MostNigeriansdependenton informal economy – don’tprofitfromoil

  4. “Structuraladjustment” • UnderBabangidaafter 80s oil crisis • DependentonWorld Bank and IMF fordebtrelief • Attempttodiversify, using “shock treatment” • Results: • Privateeconomy has notsignificantlyimproved • Nationaldebtstillanissue

  5. “Federal character” • Purpose • Recognizingallethnicities, religions • Forumfordemocracy • Resultstoday • More problemsthansolutions – distrust, sectionalism • “true federalism” • Devolution of authoritytoregions • Regions in control of theirownresources – OIL?

  6. democratization • Since 1999… • Privatization of publicenterprises • Betterpayforpublicemployees (reduce bribes?) • Return of stolenfundsbyAbacha • Growingfinancial reserves (oilpriceincreases) • Somechecks and balances • RejectingObasanjo’s try for a 3rd term • Someindependence of thecourts • In Abubakarrunningforpresidency

  7. More… • Revival of civil society • Sinceend of military rule, 2007 • Independent media • Reportingon 2007 electionfraud • Peacefulsuccession of power in 2007 • ObasanjotoYar’Adua (civiliantocivilian) • Improving FREEDOM HOUSE scores • Because of peacefulelection, scoredfrom “not free” to “party free”

  8. A difficult cycle to break

  9. conclusion • Is Nigeria improving? • YES • A few free elections in a row • Non-militaryleaders • 2007 electionslightlybetterthantheprevious • NO • Stillrampantelectionfraud • Sectionalviolence • No dramaticimprovement

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