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Delve into the impact of psychology on literature during the 20th century, examining the evolution of consciousness through key works. Explore Freud, Woolf, Joyce, and Svevo in relation to time and the unconscious mind.
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Migli Lisa 5^A A.S. 2012/2013 The role of consciousnessin the 20th Century
Reasonforchoosing the path Toanalyzehow the psychologicalsphereinfluencedliterature, in particularduring the 20th Century.
Aim of the path • Toexamine in depth some features of the ModernAge, in ordertofind out how consciousness works • Totrain in view of the finalexamination
The cultural background • Charles Darwin’sEvolutionTheory (1859) • Friedrich Nietzsche’sDiefröhlicheWissenschaft (1882) → Godis dead • Albert Einstein’sTheory of Relativity (1905-1913) • Sigmund Freud’sInterpretation of dreams (1899) • Mark Planck’sPostulate (1900) The whole world undergoes a deeptransformation
The discovery of the unconscious: Sigmund Freud “The interpretation of dreams” (DieTraumdeutung), 1899 DreaminterpretationUNCONSCIOUSSuperego, Ego, Es The most intimate dimension: the unconsciousrevealsitself Dream = A form of “wishfulfillment” LITERATURE AND ART beginto investigate the unconscious Break withVictoriantradition
The unconscious in literature: the importance of time Virginia Woolf: MrsDalloway Chronologicaltime: MrsDallowaymovesaround London, disturbedby the strikes of the Big Ben The handling of time Interiortime:travel in space and time, accordingtoMrsDalloway’s flux of thoughts Human mind’s complexity
The unconscious in literature: the importance of time James Joyce: The Dubliners Gabriel Conroy’s epiphany A sudden spiritual manifestation: itshowsmankind’s paralysis Withoutfollowingyouremotions and private feelings, youcannotfully live
The unconscious in literature: the importance of time James Joyce: Ulysses The stream of consciousness and the interiormonologue The mind doesnotfollow a linearconception of time The psychologicalspheredominatesmankind: the unconsciousbecomespredominant
The unconscious in literature: the importance of time Italo Svevo: La Coscienza di Zeno PSYCHOANALYSIS AND TIME The story doesnotfollow a chronologicalorder Memories Feelings Analysis of Zeno’s psychology CLUMSINESS SICKNESS AND WEAKNESS
The unconscious in art Salvador Dalì, The persistence of memory(1931) Vincent Van Gogh, The StarryNight (1889) Reality is a dynamic and subjectiveentity: itdepends on men’s perspectiveaboutit.