Immigration in the 20 th Century

1. Immigration in the 20th Century Evolution of the birth rate in Quebec

2. Growth of Cultural Diversity

3. Canadian Expansion This poster was reproduced inthe magazine Canada West, circa 1900–1920.National Archives of Canada(C 30623) This Norwegian poster is typical of the posters employed in Canada’s aggressive campaign to attract European settlers to the West. Issued in the 1890s, it reads “Canada: 160 acres of free land for every settler.” National Archives of Canada(C 132141)

4. Between 1901 and 1914, over 750,000 immigrants entered Canada from the United States. While many were returning Canadians, about one–third were newcomers of European extraction—Germans, Hungarians, Norwegians, Swedes, and Icelanders—who had originally settled in the American West.

5. Main Cultural Groups German Immigrants Italian Immigrants Jewish Immigrants

6. Consequences of WWI on Immigration • Sudden decline after 1914 • Complication of migration flows due to the war • Political tensions • Racist and discriminatory immigration policies • Immigrants as threats and refusing • Internal security • Rights restriction – such as right to vote • Germans, Australians, Turks, Bulgarians

7. Immigration Act • 1919 – amendments to Act • Assimilation potential • Immigration question after the war – doc 138 • Silent document analysis

8. Immigration Policy during WWII • Canada closed the borders to Europeans seeking asylum • Such as Jews, who were victims of prosecution • Maintained a restrictive immigration policy • Can be attributed to xenophobic and anti-Semitic attitudes • Canadian Citizenship Act 1946 • Canadians became citizens of Canada and no longer British subjects

9. Baby Boom and Natural Growth • Post-WW2 was a time of prosperity and rise in number of births • Diversification of population and changes in society • Access to health facilities • Building more hospitals, schools etc.

10. Federal-Provincial Agreements How were Canadian immigration policies discriminatory? How was immigration different in Quebec than the rest of Canada? How does Bill 101 effect immigrants?

11. To come – Effects of Immigration on Aboriginal population. Homework: Page 87 Questions 1-6