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Next Generation Networks

Next Generation Networks. What’s New and What Isn’t John C. Bellamy Xalted Networks Inc. Bellhead v. Nethead. Circuit v. Packet Reliability v. Flexibility Line Protection v. Network Protection Hierarchical v. Flat Networking SONET v. Ethernet Conclusions.

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Next Generation Networks

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  1. Next Generation Networks What’s New and What Isn’t John C. Bellamy Xalted Networks Inc.

  2. Bellhead v. Nethead • Circuit v. Packet • Reliability v. Flexibility • Line Protection v. Network Protection • Hierarchical v. Flat Networking • SONET v. Ethernet • Conclusions

  3. Integrated Voice Data v. Ethernet Circa 1985 PSTN PBX PSTN IVD Switch Ethernet Twisted Pair Coax Mainframe/Server Mainframe/Server (Shared Access) (Switched Access)

  4. AT&T v. Ethernet Circa 2001 PSTN PSTN Ethernet Switch Twisted Pair Router Coax Router (Switched Access) (Shared Access)

  5. Next Generation Digital Loop Carrier TDM Digital Transmission Remote Digital Terminal Local Digital Switch IDT

  6. DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 DS0 H H H Data Data Data VT1.5 VT1.5 VT1.5 VT1.5 ... ... ... ... Hierarchical v. Flat Multiplexing STS-1 DS3 DS2 DS2 ... ... ... a) Transport of PDH Multiplexed DS1 Signals in SONET STS-1 STS-1 VT1.5 VT1.5 VT1.5 VT1.5 ... b) Transport of VT1.5 Mapped DS1 Signals in SONET STS-1 c) Single Layer Multiplexing of Packet Switching

  7. PSN PSN PSN PSN Packetization Addressing Flow Control Error Control Packet Switching Node (PSN) ES/R ES/R ES/R ES/R Reassembly R R R R Router (R) Store and Forward Complexity on the Edge Leased Circuits Circuit Emulation PSTN IP/ATM Core Speech Compression Edge Switch/Router (ES/R) Adaptation Echo Control Voice Activity Detection Segmentation Clock Recovery Reassembly Router (R) Store and Forward QoS Old Generation Data Network New Generation Voice Network

  8. Tight Configuration Management Grade of Service Traffic Engineering Battery and Generator Power Back Up Line Powered 2500 Set Telephones Auto Discovery Best Effort UPS? Commercial Power CPE Reliability v. Flexibility

  9. EO EO EO R R R R TO Variable Length v. Fixed Length Addressing 4 Digit Dialing 32-bit Addresses Processed by End Office All Routers Toll Office 7 Digit Dialing 10 Digit Dialing PSTN Dialing Plan IPv4 Addressing (Circa 1995)

  10. LSR LSR LSR LSR EO EO EO TO Fixed Length v. Variable Length Addressing Short Addresses (Tags) 10 Digit Processed by Dialing Label Switched Routers (Switches) End Office Toll Office 10 Digit Dialing 10 Digit Dialing PSTN Dialing Plan MPLS Addressing (Circa 2001)

  11. ES ES ES ES ES ES ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM SONET v. Ethernet Ethernet Switch Add/Drop Multiplexer Fast Ring Protection Switching Slow Network Layer Protection Switching ½ Capacity Dedicated to Protection All Bandwidth Available with Discretionary Discard Symmetrical Bandwidth Allocation Unsymmetric Traffic Flows Supported Coarse Bandwidth Granularity No Bandwidth Reuse on Ring (UPSR)

  12. Virtual Concatenation Generic Framing Protocol (GFP) Hybrid Data Transport Discretionary Traffic Quality of Service Resilient Packet Rings Ethernet over SONET SONET v. Ethernet Augmentations SONET Ethernet

  13. SONET/SDH SONET/SDH Frame Relay ATM ATM IP IP IP IP Protocol Overlays IP Ethernet Physical Transmission Layer

  14. Conclusions • Different Portions of the Network will have Different Solutions • SONET will live • A Nationwide Transparent Optical Backbone will not Happen

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