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Planned Cities and Indo-European Migrations in South Asia

Learn about the planned cities along the Indus River and the impact of Indo-European migrations on India's culture and society.

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Planned Cities and Indo-European Migrations in South Asia

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  1. Chapter 2 Sec 3Planned Cities on the Indus River 42 – 45

  2. Geography of South Asia

  3. HOT AIR WINTER MONSOON Sept. - March *Khyber Pass Himalayas *Indus River Harappa Mohenjo-Daro Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal COOL AIR SUMMER MONSOON May-Sept. Indian Ocean

  4. Rivers • The two rivers and the lands they water make up a large area that stretches 1,500 miles across northern India. • Indus River - west • Ganges River - east

  5. Mountains • *Wall of Mountains surround India • Hindu Kush Mts. • Karakoram Mts. • Himalaya Mts. • Separate the land mass of India from the rest of Asia. • Sub-continent • Allowed for India to develop a culture *Aryans found a route into India via the mountains

  6. *Monsoons • Seasonal winds dominate India’s climate. • Winter Monsoons • Dry air across country from mountains to lands • Summer Monsoons • Moisture carries rains from seas to the land • *Brings in rain to water the crops.

  7. Winter Monsoon Summer Monsoon

  8. What is unusual about this picture?

  9. Monsoon Pool

  10. Working in the Rice Fields

  11. Environmental Challenges • Indus River flows: Himalayas to Arabian Sea • Problem: Irregular Flooding • River changes course unpredictable.

  12. Earliest Arrivals • Unknown origins of earliest inhabitants • Primarily herders • Sheep • Goats • Began farming about 3200 B.C. along the Indus

  13. Planned Cities • 100 settlements along the Indus Rv. • Mohenjo-Daro • Harappa • Advanced city planning. • Grid system • Fortified areas • Advanced technology • Advanced plumbing • Sewage systems *Shows that Indus valley had organized govt.

  14. Harappa and Mohenjo Daro • Population about 35,000 • Streets were laid out in grid patterns – right angles • Each city had a water system, public baths and a sewer system • Water well throughout the city and in some private homes

  15. Mohenjo - Daro • Cities were planned - laid out in a grid • Houses were built from *uniform brick • *Plumbing systems.

  16. Harappa • *Cities were run by a well-organized government • Types of job • Farmers – Merchants - Traders

  17. Advances in Technology • Private baths • Private dressing rooms • Private toilets • Pools • Sewage systems

  18. Mohenjo Dara/Harappa Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAyK2AXTAeA&feature=my_liked_videos&list=LLuc_W0uf7Sjq0RKO9PFXmUQ&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  19. Chapter 3 Section 1 Indo – European Migrations pp. 57 - 61

  20. Aryan Invaders Transform India • Around 1500BC, nomads moved into India. Aryans conquered locals and merged their cultures. • Settled in river valleys (conquering tribes came through Khyber pass) • Aryans became farmers • Created and used iron plow, irrigation systems • Crops – wheat, barley, rice, millet, vegetables, cotton and a variety of spices • Developed writing system - Sanskrit

  21. Aryan Caste System • *Divided people by occupation • Priest (Mouth) • Rulers & Warrior (Arms) • Peasants & Traders (Legs) • Laborers (Feet) • *Lack of Social Mobility

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