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TEXTILE RAW MATERIAL

TEXTILE RAW MATERIAL. Outline:. 1. What is Textile? Definition Textile Products Range 2. What is Textile Fiber? Definition Types of Textile Fiber Important Parameters of Textile Fiber 3. Classification of Textile Fibers. What is Textile?.

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TEXTILE RAW MATERIAL

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  1. TEXTILE RAW MATERIAL

  2. Outline: 1. What is Textile? • Definition • Textile Products Range 2. What is Textile Fiber? • Definition • Types of Textile Fiber • Important Parameters of Textile Fiber 3. Classification of Textile Fibers

  3. What is Textile? “The word textile is derived from Latin word “textilis” meaning “to weave” “Anything which is made from fibers (natural or man made) either for clothing or aesthetic purposes is known as textile.” Definition of Textile by Oxford Dictionary: “The Branch of Industry involved in the manufacturing of cloth.”

  4. Textile Products Range Raw Material (Fibers) Spinning Process (Yarn) Woven Fabrics Fabric Formation Knitted Fabrics Non Woven Fabrics Dyed Textile Processing Printed Garments End Products Home Furnishing

  5. Woven Fabric Non-Woven Fabric Knit Fabric

  6. Woven Fabric: Fabrics composed of two sets of yarns. One set of yarns, the warp, runs along the length of the fabric. The other set of yarns, the fill or weft, is perpendicular to the warp. Knit Fabric: Fabrics made from only one set of yarns, all running in the same direction. Some knits have their yarns running along the length (Wales) of the fabric, while others have their yarns running across the width (Courses) of the fabric. Knit fabrics are held together by looping the yarns around each other. Nonwoven Fabric: A textile structure held together by interlocking of fibers in a random web, accomplished by mechanical, chemical, thermal means. Generally, fibers that range in length from 0.75 to 4.5 inches are used.

  7. Snaps of fabric Printed fabric Dyed fabric

  8. What is textile fiber • Textile raw material generally characterized by high ratio of length to width, fineness and flexibility • For fiber to be called textile fiber, following things are necessary: • Length must be several hundred times width normally W:L 1:1000 • Must be strong but extremely flexible

  9. Types of Textile Fiber On basis of length , there are two main types of fiber

  10. Types of Textile Fiber Staple Fibers: Short fibers, typically ranging from 1/2 inch up to 18 inches long. Wool, cotton, and flax exist only as staple fibers. * Manufactured staple fibers are cut to a specific length from the continuous filament fiber. Filament Fibers: A manufactured fiber of indefinite length (continuous), extruded from the spinneret during the fiber production process.

  11. Spinneret: A metal nozzle type device with very fine holes used in the spinning process of manufactured fibers. The spinning solution is forced or extruded through the small holes to form continuous filament fibers. The holes in the spinneret can vary in diameter to produce fibers of various denier.

  12. Important Parameters of Textile Fiber • Fiber Length • Fiber Strength • Flexibility • Fineness • Crimp

  13. Classification of Textile Fibers (Based on Origin)

  14. Natural Fibers: The natural fibers are those which are provided by nature in ready made fibrous form. Vegetable Fibers: Comprised of Cellulose e.g. Cotton, Flax, Jute Animal Fibers: Obtained from Animals e.g. Wool, Silk Mineral Fibers: Naturally occurring solid substance e.g. Asbestos

  15. Asbestos Mineral Fibers

  16. Man Made fibers • a Regenerated fibers Synthetic fibers Mineral based fibers

  17. Synthetic Fibers: Man has performed entire operation without allowing nature to manufacture fiber forming substance e.g. Polyamide, Polyester, Polyvinylidine Chloride Regenerated Fibers: The fibers in which fiber forming substance has been made by nature i.e. natural cellulose e.g. Viscose Rayon and Lyocell Mineral Based Fibers: Made from natural minerals e.g. Glass fiber from sodium silicate

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