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Descent with Modification. By STUDENT NAME(S). Classification of Species. Carolus Linnaeus – 1750’s developed the binominal nomenclature system of classification Latin: Genus species. Fig. 1: Carlus Linnaeus (University of California Museum of Paleontology 1).
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Descent with Modification By STUDENT NAME(S)
Classification of Species Carolus Linnaeus – 1750’s developed the binominal nomenclature system of classification Latin: Genus species Fig. 1: Carlus Linnaeus (University of California Museum of Paleontology 1) Fig. 2: Classification of Animals (Corsi 20)
Classification of Species • The binominal nomenclature system of classification is a “modern” system for classifying life. • Each species is assigned a two-part scientific name. • Write in italics or underlined • First word is capitalized (Genus) • Second word is lower case (species) (University of California Museum of Paleontology 1)
Lamarck’s Hypothesis of Evolution • “Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck was a French biologist and in 1809 he published his findings and hypothesis on evolution” (Corsi 291). • He had two major principles: • Use and disuse - that body parts that were used became stronger and those that were not used deteriorated • Inheritance of acquired characteristics - an organism can pass modifications off to its offspring Fig 1: Lamarck’s Giraffe (Corsi 10)
Lamarck’s Giraffes Fig 1: Lamarck’s Giraffe (Corsi 23) • Lamarck discussed how these animals were driven by an inner need to become “more complex”. • This mechanism was later proven incorrect. • Today, we know that traits acquired by use during life are not inherited in the way he proposed. • While his hypothesis is incorrect, he did propose revolutionary ideas and give a testable explanation for change in species (Corsi 123).
Darwin’s Descent with Modification • While Darwin never actually mentions the word evolution in his “Origin of Species”, he does discuss descent with modification - a term that encapsulates his views on life and its progression (Darwin 20). • He thought that “the unity of life” was a result of a descent of all organisms from an ancestor. • While each organism lived in their own specific habitat, they developed modifications and/or adaptations to help them fit into their environment and life. Fig 1: Darwin’s Descent with Modification (Darwin 120)
Darwin’s Theory | Adaptation Fig 1: Darwin’s Finches (Darwin 90) • From his Voyage on the Beagle, Darwin observed many organisms that had enhanced their survival and reproduction characteristics for their specific environment. • He noted that the adaptation to the environment and the origin of a new species were related. • "Based on an ancestral form, these finches, from the Galapagos Islands, had diversified and gradually acclimated to their environment to form several new species” (Darwin 100).
Drug Resistant Bacteria Fig 1: Antibiotics Resistance (Corsi 9)
Bibliography Corsi, Pietro. The Age of Lamarck: Evolutionary Theories in France, 1790-1830. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988. Print. Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882. On The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London :John Murray, 1859. Print. Understanding Evolution. 2019. University of California Museum of Paleontology. 22 August 2008 <http://evolution.berkeley.edu/>.
