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Phylum Echinodermata

Explore the diverse world of echinoderms, including starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and more. Learn about their unique characteristics, body plan, reproduction, and ecological importance. Discover how these incredible creatures thrive in the ocean!

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Phylum Echinodermata

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  1. Phylum Echinodermata

  2. Echinoderms • Echino = spiny • Derm = skin • Examples: starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars • echinoderms • shape of life echino

  3. Brittle stars

  4. Sea urchins

  5. Sea cucumber

  6. Starfish or sea stars

  7. Sea lilies

  8. Sand dollars

  9. Crinoids

  10. General Characteristics • All live in salt water near the shore or on the bottom • Have an exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate • Coelom: the true body cavity is adapted into a water-vascular system • Can regenerate their arms, tentacles, spines and intestines

  11. Regeneration

  12. Body Plan • Pentaradial symmetry • Aboral (top) side contains anus • Oral (bottom) side contains mouth and tube feet

  13. Digestion • Digestion: mouth stomach  intestine anus • Mouth and stomach can extend outside of the body to start digesting prey • Scavengers, filter feeders, or active predators • eating echinoderms • sea stars eating • starfish eating • starfish eating

  14. Circulation • Circulation: no circulatory system • the coelom is adapted into a water-vascular system that circulates nutrients, blood and gases

  15. Respiration • Respiration: breathe through tube feet and/or gills

  16. Nervous System • NervousSystem: no brain • Nerves run from the central disk to all other parts of the body • Some have light sensitive eye spots

  17. Movement • Movement: move by tube feet located on the oral side

  18. Reproduction • Reproduction: sexual: Dioecious, mating or spawning • Asexual: hermaphrodites: reproduce by fission or regeneration • starfish regenerating

  19. Ecological Importance • Food source for many other animals • Eat decaying matter in the oceans • Some are poisonous to humans crown of thorns starfish

  20. Class Asteroidea • 5-50 arms • Can live up to 30 years • Predators or scavengers • Examples: starfish (also called sea stars)

  21. Purple Stars

  22. Sunflower Star

  23. Red Knob Sea Star

  24. Chocolate chip star fish

  25. Red Sea Star

  26. Cushion Sea Star

  27. Class Ophiuroidea • Largest class • Long spindly legs • Filter feeders • Examples: Brittle stars, basket stars • basket starfish

  28. Brittle Stars

  29. Brittle Stars

  30. Basket Star

  31. Basket Star

  32. Class Crinoidea • Smallest class • Have a stalk to attach to the sea floor • Examples: Sea lilies and feather stars • sea lilies

  33. Feather Starsfeather stars

  34. Feather Stars

  35. Feather Stars

  36. Sea Lilies

  37. Sea Lilies

  38. Class Holothuroidea • Have elongated body with tentacles • Eat decaying matter • Ex. Sea cucumbers

  39. Spotted Sea Cucumber

  40. Eyed Sea Cucumber

  41. Horrid Sea Cucumber

  42. Pineapple Sea Cucumber

  43. Spotted Cucumber • sea cucumber ejecting guts • sea cucumbers • sea cucumbers • seacucumber

  44. Class Echinoidea • Have spines that can be ejected as weapons • Ex: Sea urchins, sand dollars • 1Sea Urchin Info • sand dollar • sand dollar moving • live sand dollar

  45. Long-spined Urchin

  46. Banded Sea Urchin

  47. Short Spined Sea Urchin

  48. Toxic Sea Urchin

  49. Sand Dollars

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