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Phylum Echinodermata

Phylum Echinodermata. The Echinoderms (‘spiny skin’). pentaradially symmetrical (bilateral in larvae) Composed of ~6000 living species Since the skeleton is composed of living tissue they have an endoskeleton made of ossicles (calcium carbonate plates)

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Phylum Echinodermata

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  1. Phylum Echinodermata The Echinoderms (‘spiny skin’)

  2. pentaradially symmetrical (bilateral in larvae) • Composed of ~6000 living species • Since the skeleton is composed of living tissue they have an endoskeleton made of ossicles (calcium carbonate plates) • Echinoderms have a water-vascular system: • Fluid-filled hydraulic system (controls all the tube feet), also used in gas exchange and circulation • Water enters the water-vascular system through a sieve-like plate called the madreporite • All systems of an echinoderm radiate from the center • Capable of regeneration

  3. Gas exchange: through the skin, may have gills • Circulation: open within the coelom (body cavity) • Excretion: through the skin, gills, and anus • Digestion/feeding: complete digestive system, stomach can be pushed out of body to digest food • Reproduction: sexual, can be hermaphroditic • Response to environment: no advanced eyes but sea cucumber can release sticky intestines when threatened • Movement: water-vascular system (tube feet) • Tube foot: used for locomotion • Like a network of plungers and straws combined, working in concert they move the individual slowly • Individually they are weak but as a team they are very strong!

  4. Sea star anatomy:

  5. Composed of 5 extant classes: Asteroidea, sea stars

  6. Composed of 5 extant classes: Holothuroidea • Sea cucumbers

  7. Composed of 5 extant classes: Echinoidea • Urchins and Sand Dollars

  8. Composed of 5 extant classes: Crinoidea • Feather stars

  9. Composed of 5 extant classes: Ophiuroidea • Brittle Stars

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