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Respiratory Fitness

Respiratory Fitness. Ashlea Lockett, Nicky Gilchrist & Jenna Cruickshank. Lung Volumes. The volume of air in the lungs can be measured with a method called spirometry. A spirometer measures the volumes of air inspired and expired and therefore changes that occur in lung volume.

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Respiratory Fitness

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  1. Respiratory Fitness Ashlea Lockett, Nicky Gilchrist & Jenna Cruickshank

  2. Lung Volumes • The volume of air in the lungs can be measured with a method called spirometry. • A spirometer measures the volumes of air inspired and expired and therefore changes that occur in lung volume. • This practice is used clinically to determine lung volumes, capacities and flow rates which can assist in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases.

  3. Lung Volumes • Static Lung Volume: measures the dimensional component of air movement for the pulmonary tract. • Dynamic Lung Volume: measures the power component of the pulmonary performance during different stages of the ventilatory excursion. (Look at volume of air moved and the speed of the movement) • FEV: Forced Expiratory Volume • FVC: Forced Vital Capacity

  4. At Rest: All Participants • 4 Stations in 4 groups: - Measuring height - Measuring Vital Capacity 3 times then find average - Measure Breathing Rate, breaths per minute - Measure FEV: Forced Expiratory Volume • Record your results.

  5. Clinical significance of Spirometry • Obstructive Lung Disorders • These are lung diseases that cause an obstruction such as a narrowing or blockage of the flow of air through the airways and out of the lungs. • This results in a decrease in the amount of exhaled air flow. • Examples of Obstructive Lung Disorders are Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), emphysema, asthma, bronchietasis

  6. Clinical significance of Spirometry • Restrictive Lung Disorders • This type of lung disease causes one or more of the following to occur: - The loss of lung tissue - A decrease in the lungs ability to expand - A decrease in the lungs ability to transfer oxygen or carbon dioxide with the blood • This results in a reduction in the amount of air that can be inhaled. • Examples of Restrictive Lung Disorders are Pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and pneumonia

  7. How to measure • Vital Capacity- using spirometer- breathing all in then all out. 3x attempts and record average on the table. • Tidal Volume- using spirometer- regular breathing, in and out. • Breathing rate- number of breaths per minute. • Dynamic Lung Volume (FEV/VC ratio) - using PIKO-6. Breathe in deeply, breathe out hard and fast, keep exhaling for 6 seconds.

  8. Spirometer • Set mouthpiece to nozzle. • Hold Spirometer by one hand and confirm that indicator points at zero, adjust indicator if not pointed at zero by moving upper outer ring. • Inhale deeply stretching body upward. • When lungs are full, set mouthpiece between lips. (make sure the Spirometer is horizontal and holes are not covered) • Read measurement on indicator and record. (repeat three times and use average for VC)

  9. PIKO-6 • Attach mouthpiece, press the operate button to turn on. • While standing up, hold the PIKO-6 in your right hand with the display pointing up. (make sure the holes are not covered) • Bring the PIKO-6 close to your mouth and press the operate button. • When first beep is heard inhale as much as you can. • When the second beep is heard, insert the valve into your mouth and blow as hard as you can until the next beep. (approximately 6 seconds) • Make sure the PIKO-6 is still kept horizontal, test results will be shown and FEV1 will also be shown. • A “!” symbol may show next to the reading if a cough was detected, if the effort was too short, had a slow start or if the measured was unnaturally low or high for the reference. n

  10. Procedure: 4 Participants • Everyone will be participating in activity • 4 groups: pick a member from your group whose results will be recorded (2 males and 2 females) • 5 minutes of exercise - skipping - step ups - running - star jumps - agility course • Record results for participant at minute intervals - Vital Capacity – 1 person - Breathing Rate – 1person - Tidal Volume (start and conclusion of exercise) – 1 person - FEV1/VC (start and conclusion of exercise) – 1 person - Recorder – 1 person

  11. Definitions of lung volumes

  12. Lung Volumes IRV TV VC TLC/TLV ERV RV

  13. COPD • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) • It is a lung disease of the lungs which indicates that they are damaged, making it hard to breathe. • The airways are partly obstructed, making it difficult to get air in and out. • COPD categories: • MILD COPD: 60-80% • MODERATE COPD: 40-59% • SEVERE COPD: below 40%

  14. Questions • What factors determine the lung volumes of individuals? • Did either of the lung volume measurements change after acute exercise? How does this occur and why? • What is asthma? • What occurs during an “asthma attack”? • What is exercise induced asthma? How does it differ from regular asthma? • What are the sort of things that would be part of an asthma treatment plan? • What asthmatic considerations are there for: • The classroom • Coaching

  15. Asthma http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Asthma/Asthma_WhatIs.html

  16. References • Text Book: Physiology of Sport and Exercise • National Heart Lung and Blood Institute: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health • National Asthma Council Australia: http://www.nationalasthma.org.au • About.com: http://lungdiseases.about.com/

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