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Explore the War of 1812 - British conflicts, American resilience, and diplomatic outcomes. From the battlefield to treaty negotiations, uncover the war's impact on America's young nation.
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War Hawks Demand War • Conflict and blockade btwn Britain and France led to capture of American ships • British policy of impressment • Forced captured Am. Sailors to join navy • Jefferson had Congress place an embargo on European powers (1807) • Americans were neutral, honor it! • Hurt more than helped, lifted ban in 1809, EXCEPT against Britain and France
War w/ Shawnee • Tecumseh, Shawnee chief • Native Americans must form confederacy • Return to native beliefs • Nov. 1811, Prophet (T’s younger bro) attacked Gen. Wm Henry Harrison’s troops • Harrison then attacked Shawnee capital on banks of Tippecanoe R. • U.S. won Battle of Tippecanoe • Discovered N. Americans used weapons from British Canada
War Brings Mixed Results • James Madison, elected in 1808 (Dem-Rep) • Declared war against British 1812 • War in Canada and the northern U.S. difficult • U.S. experienced numerous setbacks • British navy superior—blockaded east coast • British entered D.C. and burned Wht. House, Capitol, public buildings • Fed. Officials fled capital on 8-24-1814
Andrew Jackson • Gen. who defeated Creek tribe in Battle of Horseshoe Bend, Mar. 1814. • Jan. 8, 1815, Battle of New Orleans • Defeated superior British force • Occurred AFTER war was over
Treaty of Ghent • Signed Christmas Eve, 1814 • Declared an armistice (end to fighting) • Did not address shipping issues or impressment • 1815: commercial treaty reopened trade • 1817: Rush-Bagot agreement limited number of warships • 1818: n boundary of Louisiana Territory set at 49th parallel to Rocky Mts; joint occupation of Oregon Territory