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La herramienta make

La herramienta make. Cómo leer y modificar un Makefile. > make . busca por “makefile”. busca por “Makefile”. > make  make: *** No makefile found. Stop. > make  make: *** No makefile found. Stop. > make –f mimakefile.mak . objetivo : dependencias.

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La herramienta make

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  1. La herramienta make Cómo leer y modificar un Makefile

  2. > make  busca por “makefile” busca por “Makefile” 2

  3. > make make: *** No makefile found. Stop. 3

  4. > make make: *** No makefile found. Stop.> make –f mimakefile.mak  objetivo : dependencias 4

  5. > make make: *** No makefile found. Stop.> make –f mimakefile.mak  main : main.f dependecias objetivo 5

  6. > make make: *** No makefile found. Stop.> make –f mimakefile.mak f77 main.f –o main main : main.f .f extensión reconocida sólo si no existe o si antiguo 6

  7. > make make: *** No makefile found. Stop.> make –f mimakefile.mak make: ‘main’ is up date. main : main.f 7

  8. > make  main : main.f fn1.f fn2.f  dependecias objetivo 8

  9. > make  main : main.f fn1.f fn2.f main2 : main2.f fn3.f fn4.f objetivo1 objetivo2 9

  10. > make objetivo> make main2  main : main.f fn1.f fn2.f main2 : main2.f fn3.f fn4.f objetivo1 objetivo2 10

  11. > make [objetivo] main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f fn1.o : fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f jerarquía 11

  12. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f fn1.o : fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f línea de comando 12

  13. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f línea de comando 13

  14. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f línea de comando 14

  15. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f línea de comando ojo con los tabuladores 15

  16. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f • orden shell: sh • división líneas: ‘\’ •  un comando: ‘;’ •  una línea: ojo • sin eco: @ 16

  17. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB]@ echo “Muevo el ejecutable.” [TAB]@ mv main .. ; ls [TAB]@ cd .. ; \ [RETURN] chmod a+x main main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f • orden shell: sh • división líneas: ‘\’ •  un comando: ‘;’ •  una línea: ojo • sin eco: @ 17

  18. > make [objetivo]  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f fn1.o : include.inc fn2.o : include.inc repetición de objetivos 18

  19. > make limpia  main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc limpia : [TAB] rm *% podemos agrupar objetivo etiqueta 19

  20. > make [todo] > make libreria.a> make limpia> todo : libreria.a main limpia main : main.o fn1.o fn2.o [TAB] f77 –O –o mainmain.o fn1.o fn2.o main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 –O –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 –O –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc libreria.a : libfn.o [TAB] ar r libreria.a libfn.o libfn.o : libfn.f [TAB] f77 –O –c libfn.f limpia : [TAB]rm *%  20

  21. > make  nombre = valor macro = se referencia como $(nombre) o ${nombre} 21

  22. > make  • macros del usuario • macros internas • variables de entorno • línea de ejecución • indefinidas = vacías Orden de prioridad: 1) macros internas 2) variables entorno 3) en Makefile 4) línea de ejecución EXE = main OBJS = main.o fn1.o fn2.o INCS = include.inc FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : ${OBJS} [TAB] f77${LDFLAGS} –o ${EXE} ${OBJS} [TAB] cp${EXE} /home/usuario/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] f77 ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] f77 ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] f77 ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : ${INCS} 22

  23. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main OBJS = main.o fn1.o fn2.o DIR = ${HOME}/bin FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o ${EXE} ${OBJS} [TAB] cp ${EXE} ${DIR} main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc • FFLAGS ignorada • FC = f77 (interna) • podemos FC = f90 • make –p • no usar ‘~’ en rutas 23

  24. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = main.f fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o ${EXE} ${OBJS} [TAB] cp ${EXE} ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc OBJS = SRCS pero sustituyendo ‘.f’ por ‘.o’ 24

  25. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = main.f fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o ${EXE} ${OBJS} [TAB] cp ${EXE} ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc $? = lista de dependencias $@ = objetivo en comandos $$@ = objetivo (sólo Unix) en dependencias 25

  26. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o ${EXE}${OBJS} [TAB] cp ${EXE} ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o 26

  27. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@ ${OBJS} [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o $@ = main 27

  28. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@ $? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c main.f fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o $@ = main $? = main.o fn1.o fn2.o 28

  29. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@ $? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn1.f fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o $@ = main $? = main.o fn1.o fn2.o $? = main.f 29

  30. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@ $? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c fn2.f fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o $@ = main $? = main.o fn1.o fn2.o $? = main.f $? = fn1.f 30

  31. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@$? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o fn2.o : include.inc omitimos main.f $$@.o = main.o $@ = main $? = main.o fn1.o fn2.o $? = main.f $? = fn1.f $? = fn2.f 31

  32. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@ $? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? ${OBJS} : include.inc OBJS = fn1.o fn2.o se desdobla 32

  33. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@$? [TAB] cp $@ ${HOME}/bin main.o : main.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn1.o : fn1.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? fn2.o : fn2.f [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $? ${OBJS} : include.inc 33

  34. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.f fn2.f INCS = include.inc OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} DIR = ${HOME}/bin FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} .f.o : [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $< ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@$? [TAB] cp $@ ${DIR} ${OBJS} : ${INCS} regla para construir los .o a partir de los .f $< = .f más nuevos 34

  35. > touch fn2.f > make “FFLAGS = –v –O” f77 –v –O –c fn2.f f77 –v –O –o main main.o fn1.o fn2.o EXE = main SRCS = fn1.F fn2.F INCS = include.inc OBJS = ${SRCS:.f=.o} DIR = ${HOME}/bin FFLAGS = –O LDFLAGS = ${FFLAGS} .SUFFIXES : .F .F.o : [TAB] ${FC} ${FFLAGS} –c $< ${EXE} : $$@.o ${OBJS} [TAB] ${FC} ${LDFLAGS} –o $@$? [TAB] cp $@ ${DIR} ${OBJS} : ${INCS}  añade sufijos a lista de make 35

  36. Makefile de IRAF # Name: # makefile # # Purpose: # Build and install the IRAFSTAR package. # # Type of Module: # Description file for the make utility. # # Description: # This description file is used by the make utility to # build the IRAFSTAR package from the distributed # source files, to install the resulting system for use, # and to perform other housekeeping tasks. # ###################################################### # # Pathname of the root directory beneath which # other Starlink software is currently installed. STARLINK = /star 36

  37. Makefile de IRAF # Pathnames of Starlink sub-directories that may # be referenced when building this package. STAR_BIN = $(STARLINK)/bin STAR_DATES = $(STARLINK)/dates STAR_DOCS = $(STARLINK)/docs STAR_ETC = $(STARLINK)/etc STAR_HELP = $(STARLINK)/help STAR_INC = $(STARLINK)/include STAR_LIB = $(STARLINK)/lib STAR_SHARE = $(STARLINK)/share # Pathname of the root directory beneath which the # built files for this package should be installed for # use. This defaults to the user's home directory. INSTALL = $(HOME) # Pathname of root directory beneath which TCLADAM # is installed. and the version number of TCL TCL_VERS = 8.2 TCL_INC_DIR = $(STAR_INC) TCL_LIB_DIR = $(STAR_LIB) 37

  38. Makefile de IRAF # Default macros for compiling C and Fortran source code. CC = c89 CFLAGS = -O -I$(TCL_INC_DIR) -I$(STAR_INC) FC = fort77 FFLAGS = -O # Commands for adding to and extracting from an # archive file (.tar). TAR_IN = tar cvhf TAR_OUT = tar xf #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # DEFINE PACKAGE SOURCE FILES. # # This section defines the set of source files for # the package. # Name of the package as specified in documentation # The value is used in messages from make to the user. PACK_NAME = IRAFSTAR 38

  39. Makefile de IRAF # C routines required for building the package. This is # just a list of all the C source files. C_ROUTINES = tclAppInit.c tclIrafio.c zfiopr.c #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # DEFINE FILES REQUIRED FOR BUILDING # THE PACKAGE. # # This section defines the set of files produced from # the source files when the package is built and installed. # List of object files produced by compiling the source # code and rules for performing the compilations. OBJECT_FILES = $(C_ROUTINES:.c=.o) # Use .o, .c, .f, .ifc, .ifl, .shl and .hlp suffix rules. .SUFFIXES: .o .c .f .ifc .ifl .shl .hlp # Implicit rule. .c.o: $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< 39

  40. Makefile de IRAF ######################################################## # PRIMARY TARGETS. # # Rules for extracting source files from the source archive. $(C_ROUTINES) : [TAB] $(TAR_OUT) $(PKG_NAME)_source.tar $@ [TAB]@ if test -r $@; then ; \ else echo $@ is not in the tar file ; exit 1 ; fi # Rule and dependencies for building the # executable image. aitclsh : $(OBJECT_FILES) [TAB] $(FC) $(FFLAGS) -o $@\ tclAppInit.o $(STAR_LIB)/tclAdam.o \ tclIrafio.o zfiopr.o \ $(LDFLAGS) -L$(TCL_LIB_DIR) \ -L$(STAR_LIB) \ -ltcl$(TCL_VERS) 40

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