The School Leadership Center of Greater New Orleans February 23, 2013

1. The School Leadership Center of Greater New Orleans February 23, 2013 Building Academic Vocabulary for Literacy Skills Presenter: Amy Benjamin www.amybenjamin.com Today: Review of December 8, 2012 Work on the first four subsets of the Academic Word List Word components Working with Tier III Nouns and Verbs Informational writing: 1. definitions of nouns 2. writing sentences that explain verbs Linking vocabulary to literature and sentence-writing skills Narrative writing: Building up a noun phrase Rationale: Readers need to 90-95% of the words in a text for adequate comprehension. Academic writing requires knowledge of the words on the Academic Word List as well as Tier III (technical) words. The need for vocabulary is emphasized throughout the Common Core Standards for Literacy. Words are learned when the teacher lives by the 4E’s: Exposure…Elaboration…Examples….Enthusiasm!

2. Think Box for the Academic Word List: Try to find at least 5 words for each box. Adjectives: Words that fit into this frame: It is very _____. Nouns: Words that fit into this frame: The______ Words that might describe something you did yesterday. Verbs: Words to which we can add …ing Verbs: Words to which we can add …ing Words that might describe the weather today Words with x, y, or z Words that have to do with making things less 12

3. Morphology Chart Sample It’s easier to understand parts of speech than you think. Simply use the cues above. Not all words follow the same morphology. It’s interesting to see how words morph into different forms. category, categories restriction, restrictions (I) restrict (He) restricts (I already) restricted (I am) restricting Do two more: 13

4. A Useful List of Words with Prefixes, Roots, Suffixes 1. INTERMITTENT: inter- (between); mit/mis (to send); -ent (characterized by or serving in the capacity of ) 2. REFLECT: re- (back, again); -flect/flict (to bend) 3. SUBTRACT: sub- (under); -tract (to drag, to draw) 4. COMPLIANCE com- (with); -plic (to fold) 5. CORRESPONDENT: co- (with) re- (back, again); -spond (to pledge); -ent (characterized by or serving in the capacity of) 6. PROPELLER: pro- (forward); -pel (to drive); -er (performer) 7. TRANSPORTATION: trans- (across); port (to carry); -ation (a suffix that creates a noun out of a verb) 8. DESTRUCTIVE: de- (down); -struct (to build); -ive (having the quality of) 9. PERSPECTIVE: per- (through); spect (to see); -ive (having the quality of) 14

5. intermittent intercept interfere interface inter-scholastic interval intermission insistent consistent persistent coherent efficient sufficient deficient apparent emit permit admit commit remit omit 4a

6. Aristotle’s Way of Composing Definitions: • This method works best with nouns. • 2. Place the noun into its category: • A canary is a bird… • 3. Using adjectives and the relative pronoun that, • name the defining characteristics of the term being defined: • A canary is a small, yellow bird that sings and is often kept • as a pet. In what category can we place a canary? What distinguishes the canary from other birds? Use this formula to compose a definition of a: cardinal duck ostrich 16

7. Vocabulary List: Character Behaviors and Feelings First, decide which adjectives below describe the behaviors and feelings of one character in the book you are reading. Then, write a sentence that gives an example of how the character shows this behavior or feeling. curious dejected despondent detached determined discouraged ecstatic elated embarrassed enthusiastic excited foolish fortunate frantic friendly frustrated furious grateful addled afraid agitated ambivalent annoyed antagonistic anxious apprehensive baffled belligerent bewildered boastful bored calm cautious concerned confident confused helpful helpless hopeful hostile humiliated hurried inadequate independent introspective insecure interested intrigued intuitive involved irate jittery lighthearted lucky mischievous mixed-up moody mystified nervous optimistic overwhelmed perplexed puzzled proud relieved resentful responsible satisfied scared secure sullen surprised sympathetic talkative tense thoughtful thrilled trapped troubled uncomfortable undecided uneasy vexed victimized worried zany 20

8. from Charlotte’s Web, by E.B. White Charlotte: Far into the night, while the other creatures slept, Charlotte worked on her web. First she ripped out a few of the orb lines near the center. She left the radial lines alone, as they were needed for support. As she worked, her eight legs were a great help to her. So were her teeth. She loved to weave and she was an expert at it. A spider can produce several kinds of thread. She uses a dry, tough thread for foundation lines, and she uses a sticky thread for snare lines—the ones that catch and hold insects. Charlotte decided to use her dry thread for writing the new message. “If I write the word ‘Terrific’ with sticky thread,” she thought, “every bug that comes along will get stuck in it and spoil the effect.” Wilbur: Some of Wilbur’s friends in the barn worried for fear all the attention would to to his head and make him stuck up. But it never did. Wilbur was modest; fame did not spoil him. He still worried some about the future, as he could hardly believe that a mere spider would be able to save his life. Sometimes at night he would have a bad dream. He would dream that men were coming to get him with knives and guns. But that was only a dream. In the daytime, Wilbur usually felt happy and confident. No pig ever had truer friends, and he realized that friendship is one of the most satisfying things in the world. Even the song of the crickets did not make Wilbur too sad. He knew it was almost time for the County Fair, and he was looking forward to the trip. If he could distinguish himself at the Fair, and maybe win some prize money, he was sure Zuckerman would let him live. 21

9. Using textual evidence: Follow the pattern: We know Charlotte is confident because has everything she needs to be an expert weaver. We know ___________ is ____________ because s/he _______________________. 22

10. Building UP a Noun Phrase 23

11. Proper Nouns: Dee Dee, Bailey, Curtis, Patrick, Zoe, Beverly, Wilma, Neville, Kilroy, Hamilton, Patricia, Genevieve, Daphne, Bryce, Grant, Vincente, Fillmore, Stephen, Marcus, Sylvester, Maurice, Griffith, Rosaleen, Ramona, Annabella, Jebediah, Johann, Eden, Vander, Ernesto, Cornelius, Crockett, Marla, Nathaniel, Woody, Zoltan Ramsey, Miranda, Manfred, Ziporah, Charlotte, Regan, Edmund, Owen, Jasper, Burke, Sebastian, Herbert, Ziggy, Violet, Xander, Julio, Josephine, Leo, Indiana, Booker, Clifford, Clementine, Yolanda, Wendell, Murdock, Larkspur Harper, Hester, Malcolm, Hattie Mae, Ezra, Jem, Barton, Maximillian, Aloysius, Ignacio, Nestor, Randall, Dougal, Beatrice, Zephyr 24

12. Characteristics (Adjectives): Adjectives answer the question “What kind?” stolid, strange, strong, strict, stubborn, studious, sophisticated, successful, sullen, supercilious, superstitious, surly, suspicious, sweet, taciturn, tactful, talented, talkative, tasteful, tenacious, tense, terrified, thankful, thoughtful, thoughtless, threatening, thrifty, timid, touchy, trendy, trusting, trustworthy, truthful, uncouth, unctuous, unfriendly, unruly, uncivilized, unscrupulous, unselfish, useful, valiant versatile, vivacious, warm, watchful, weak, weary, weird, whimsical, wise, wishy-washy, wistful, witty, worried, wrathful, wretched, wrong naïve, neat, negligent, nervous, noisy, obedient, obliging, optimistic, peaceful, pensive, persevering, persistent, pessimistic, petulant, picky, plain, pleasant, pitiful, polite, pompous, poor, popular, quarrelsome, quick, quiet, quixotic, rambunctious, rash, respectful, restless, retiring, rich, risk-taking, rowdy, rude, sad, scornful, sarcastic, satisfied, scared, secretive, secure, sedate, self-centered, selfish, self-reliant, sensitive, serious, shrewd, shy, silly, sincere, skillful, slovenly, sly, smart, sneaky, snobbish, sociable, stingy 25

13. Characteristics (Adjectives): gloomy, glum, gregarious, grateful, greedy, grouchy, grumpy, gullible, happy, hard-hearted, hard-working, health-conscious, harried, hateful, haughty, helpful, helpless, honest, hopeful, hospitable, humble, humorous, ignorant, imaginative, immaculate, immature, impartial, impatient, impolite, impudent, impulsive, independent, industrious, insistent, insolent, industrious, insistent, inventive, jealous, jovial, joyful, lackadaisical, languid, lazy, light-hearted, lively, logical, lonely, lucky, malicious, mean, messy, meticulous, mischievous, moody, mysterious active, adventurous, affectionate, afraid, ambitious, amiable, angry, animated, babyish, bewildered, blasé, bold, boorish, bored, bossy, brave, bright, brilliant, busy, calm, candid, capable, careful, caustic, cautious, charismatic, conceited, charming, cheerful, clever, clumsy, coarse, cold-hearted, courageous, cowardly, cross, cultured, curious, dangerous, considerate, cooperative conscientious 26

14. Roles: (common nouns) lifeguard, philosopher, scientist, shoemaker, matador, explorer, inventor, court jester, makeup artist, treasure hunter, student, drangon slayer, carpenter, jeweler, candymaker, ventriloquist, fisherman, nurse, banker, tyrant, butcher, reporter, web designer, programmer secret agent, flight attendant, cashier, beekeeper, gladiator, clockmaker, superhero, innkeeper, botanist, magician’s assistant; racecar driver, wizard, game show host, dentist, food taster, actor cake decorator, sky-diver, birdwatcher, trapeze artist; librarian, stamp collector, tight-rope walker; dog trainer, dishwasher, cyclist; bodyguard, prime suspect, ichthyologist, manicurist, sheriff, piano tuner, stuntman, composer, tour guide, principal, knight, exterminator, factory worker, roofer, sailor, impersonator, park ranger, mathematician, balloonist, guitarist, welder, window washer, weatherman, scout juggler, cowboy, clown, astronaut, anesthesiologist, zookeeper, crossing guard, vegetarian, seamstress, thief, comedian 27

15. Clarence was a strange and gloomy cake decorator. Now, condense the sentence into a noun phrase that has an appositive: Clarence, a strange and gloomy cake decorator, 28

16. Verbs (actions): hides, can hide, is hiding, could have been hiding, was hiding, may be hiding turns, might turn, is turning, should have been turning, was turning, might be turning smiled, may smile, has been smiling, was smiling, would be smiling, could have been smiling enjoys, enjoyed, is enjoying, could be enjoying, could have enjoyed, may be enjoying steals, stole, has stolen, is stealing, has been stealing, was stealing, might be stealing kicks, kicked, has bee kicking, has kicked, should have been kicking, had been kicking fix, fixed, has fixed, has been fixing, should have been fixing, had been fixing, was fixing complains, has been complaining, has complained, was complaining, complained notices, will notice, will be noticing, has noticed, noticed, might notice, should have noticed 29

17. Prepositional Phrase Direct Object (if needed) Adverb Add a word or words that answer one of the questions that adverbs answer: How? How often? When? Where? Why? Add a prepositional phrase that gives more information about any noun or verb in the sentence. (A preposition is a word that will fit into the frame “Somewhere ____the rainbow.” If necessary, add a noun (or pronoun) that completes the action. 30