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Understanding Cell Division: Mitosis vs. Meiosis in Reproduction and DNA Replication

This document explores the processes of cell division, focusing on mitosis and meiosis. It highlights the roles of each in asexual and sexual reproduction, and the formation of gametes. Mitosis results in identical daughter cells for growth and tissue repair, while meiosis produces genetically diverse gametes for reproduction in both plants and animals. The text also covers interphase, where the cell prepares for division by growing and replicating DNA. Furthermore, it addresses the implications of cancer and environmental factors on cell division.

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Understanding Cell Division: Mitosis vs. Meiosis in Reproduction and DNA Replication

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  1. Cell Division

  2. Cell Division Chromosomes Function/Role Not dividing - Interphase Cell divides Comparison of Mitosis & Meiosis

  3. Chromosomes Haploid (n): one set of chromosome in nuclei Diploid (n): two sets of chromosomes are present in nuclei

  4. Function/Role Mitosis

  5. Mitosis Asexual reproduction Gamete formation in flowering plants Cell replacement

  6. Function/Role Mitosis Meiosis

  7. Meiosis Genetic variation Sexual reproduction Spore formation: e.g. flowering plants Gamete formation in animals, e.g. egg and sperm

  8. Function/Role Mitosis Meiosis

  9. Not dividing - Interphase Proteins are made Cell grows Organelles are made DNA replication

  10. Cell divides Mitosis

  11. Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cancer

  12. Cancer Biological agents - viruses Physical - X-rays, UV light Environmental - cigarette smoke, benzene

  13. Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cancer

  14. Cell divides Mitosis Meiosis

  15. Meiosis Location in humans

  16. Location in humans Testes - sperm, haploid male gametes, Ovary - egg, haploid female gametes

  17. Meiosis Location in humans Location in flowering plants

  18. Location in flowering plants Anther of the stamen - haploid male spores Ovule of ovary - haploid female spores

  19. Meiosis Location in humans Location in flowering plants

  20. Cell divides Mitosis Meiosis

  21. Comparison of Mitosis & Meiosis Meiosis

  22. Meiosis Not identical daughter cells

  23. Not identical daughter cells diploid organisms only 2n

  24. 2n n n n n

  25. Not identical daughter cells diploid organisms only 2n

  26. Meiosis Not identical daughter cells

  27. Comparison of Mitosis & Meiosis Meiosis Mitosis

  28. Mitosis Identical daughter cels

  29. Identical daughter cels Both diploid and haploid organisms n - 2 x n 2n - 2 x 2n

  30. Mitosis Identical daughter cels

  31. Comparison of Mitosis & Meiosis Meiosis Mitosis

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