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Explore the basics of chemistry by learning about matter, atoms, protons, neutrons, and electrons. Understand the significance of atomic number and mass, isotopes, elements, metals, and compounds.
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Chemistry The Basics
What is matter? Anything that takes up space and has mass Which of the following is matter? Water Your Desk Air If you said all of these you would be… Correct
The smallest part of matter is an atom. But even as small as atoms are…they have parts. Every atom has several parts… protons, neutrons (in the nucleus) and electrons.
Nucleus The central part of the atom, which contains the ??? Protons And Neutrons
Protons What are protons? Protons are the part of the atom that is found in the nucleus which has a positive electrical charge.
Neutron What is a neutron? Does it have any electrical Charge? A neutron is the other particle found in the nucleus of an atom. The neutron is electrically neutral…that means it has no charge at all!
Electron What are electrons? Where are they found, if protons and neutrons are in the nucleus Electrons are tiny particles of the atom which has a negative electric charge. This particle of the atom is found running very fast round the outside of the atom.
Atomic Number What is the Atomic Number? What does that mean? The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number What is the Atomic Number? The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number What does that mean? The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number I wonder why she inserted so many of the same slide??? Well…duh…it is very, very important info!
Atomic Mass Well if the Atomic number is the number of protons, what is the Atomic mass? Very simply, it is the number of protonsandneutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Mass Very simply, it is the number of protonsandneutrons in the nucleus of an atom. HMMMM…I wonder why the and is bigger and in bright red?
It is very, very important that you memorize what the atomic mass stands for and what the atomic number stands for! Have I given enough hints that this is important yet?
Misc Atom Info Electrons – circle around the nucleus of an atom in an electron cloud. Electron cloud – has orbits (or energy levels) which house the electrons.
Misc Atom Info Atoms strive to be in balance. If they have one proton, how many electrons do you suppose they want to have? 6 right? Wrong – they one to have 1 electron if they have 1 protons
Misc Atom Info cont. Isotopes: What are isotopes? Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Misc Atom Info cont. Well what does that mean? Isotopes have the same Atomic Number but differentAtomic Masses!
Misc Atom Info cont. What is the difference between these two pictures? Will you agree that one has more cherries that the other ice cream cone?
Misc Atom Info cont. These are just like isotopes. They are just different forms of the same thing! What do the cherries represent in this picture/analogy? Neutrons of course!
Misc Atom Info cont. Isotopes are very helpful in our lives. They are helpful in medicine and can help scientists determine the ate of objects.
Misc Atom Info cont. Substances that are made up of only one kind of atom are called elements.
Misc Atom Info cont. Metals are elements that have a shiny or metallic luster, are good conductors of heat and electricity, are solid at room temperature, malleable and ductile.
Misc Atom Info cont. Malleable means they are bendable and can be pounded into a shape. Ductile means that they can be drawn into wires without breaking.
Misc Atom Info cont. Nonmetals are elements that are dull in appearance, poor conductors of electricity, some are gasses at room temperature and some are solids at room temperature.
Misc Atom Info cont. Metalloids are elements that have characteristics of metals and nonmetals. All metalloids are solid at room temperature.
Misc Atom Info cont. Compounds are a substance that has been chemically bonded to another element or substance.
Misc Atom Info cont. Mixture are when two or more substance come together but don’t combine to make a new substance. Unlike compounds, each item in the mixture retains its own physical and chemical properties.