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(1903-1950)

(1903-1950). Real Name : Eric Blair British Political Novelist Born: To English parents in India. He was sent to boarding school at the age of eight to prepare for Eton , an exclusive prep school. Because he had a scholarship , he was teased and humiliated frequently.

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(1903-1950)

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  1. (1903-1950)

  2. Real Name: Eric Blair British Political Novelist Born: To English parents in India

  3. He was sent to boarding school at the age of eight to prepare for Eton, an exclusive prep school. Because he had a scholarship, he was teased and humiliated frequently.

  4. At eighteen, he passed the Empire’s Civil Service Exam and became a police officer in Burma.

  5. 1927 Returned in Europe

  6. He chose to live in poverty because he felt guilty for the job he had done in Burma - for having been a part of an oppressive government.

  7. He saw poverty as a way to understand the problems of the oppressed and helpless by becoming one of them.

  8. Orwell was a Socialist Socialist:someone who believes that the government should own businesses so that everyone will be equal

  9. Two Things That Influenced Orwell To Write Animal Farm: His hatred for: Injustice & Political Lying

  10. He desired a society in which separate classes would not exist.

  11. Literary Terms

  12. Fable: A short allegorical narrative making a moral point, traditionally by means of animal characters who speak and act like human beings.

  13. Allegory: An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning. The underlying meaning generally has moral, social, religious, or political significance

  14. Satire: A literary manner which blends humor with criticism for the purpose of instruction or the improvement of humanity Animal Farm makes fun of political society after the Bolshevik Revolution.

  15. It's a Fable & It's an Allegory Most fables have two levels of meaning. On the surface, the fable is about animals. But on a second level, the animals stand for types of people or ideas. The way the animals interact and the way the plot unfolds says something about the nature of people or the value of ideas. Any type of fiction that has multiple levels of meaning in this way is called an allegory.

  16. Historical Context Russian society in the early twentieth century had two social classes: a tiny minority (bourgeoisie) controlled the country’s wealth. The working class was called the proletariat.

  17. Communism arose in Russia when the nation’s workers & peasants rebelled against and overwhelmed the wealthy and powerful class of capitalists & aristocrats.

  18. This was based on Karl Marx and his

  19. The call for action was . . .

  20. Tsar Nicholas II, monarch of Russia, was forced to abdicate the throne.

  21. His daughter, Anastasia, was lost.

  22. Lenin, a Russian revolutionary, took power in the name of the Communist Party.

  23. When Lenin died, Joseph Stalin & Leon Trotsky competed for control of the Soviet Union.

  24. Stalin banished Trotsky & took control. He began his brutal killings, overseeing the deaths of approximately twenty million Soviet citizens.

  25. Themes 1. Freedom & individual dignity must be guarded very carefully.

  26. Themes 2. Language is a powerful tool; used improperly, it can enslave and confuse us.

  27. Themes 3. Weakness can be dominated by strength, fear, and trickery.

  28. Themes 4. Hope & vision must be kept alive, or we might live like the animals of Manor Farm.

  29. Themes 5. Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.

  30. Characters Farmer JonesA drunk and a poor farmer, his cruelty towards the farm animals inspires their rebellion.

  31. Characters SnowballA clever pig with a head for ideas, he becomes one of the main leaders of Animal Farm and the author of its central commandments.

  32. Characters NapoleonA pig with a gift for techniques of control, he establishes most of the farm’s rules and eventually becomes its sole leader.

  33. Characters Old Major An elderly show pig whose instruction to the animals about "animalism" becomes the philosophical basis for the creation of Animal Farm.

  34. Characters SquealerA pig with the ability to make any idea sound reasonable, he is Napoleon's side-kick and is in charge of communicating to the animals.

  35. Characters BoxerA strong and hard-working carthorse, he shows tremendous faith in the rebellion and its leaders.

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