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Key Events Leading to the American Revolution: Gaspee Affair and Boston Tea Party

Explore the pivotal events that fueled the American Revolution, including the Gaspee Affair, where colonists burned a British ship, igniting tensions with England. The dissatisfaction escalated with the Tea Act of 1773, leading to the Boston Tea Party, where colonists dumped British tea into the harbor in protest. In response, the Coercive Acts, or Intolerable Acts, were imposed by Parliament to punish Massachusetts, provoking even greater unrest. The First Continental Congress formed in 1774, uniting the colonies against British oppression and laying the groundwork for revolution.

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Key Events Leading to the American Revolution: Gaspee Affair and Boston Tea Party

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  1. Chapter 4 Section 2 American Revolution Events Against England

  2. Gaspee Affair: • England will send custom ships to the colonies to monitor activity and intercept smugglers. • Gaspee: British ship located off of Rhode Island whose commander was hated by the locals. • June 1772: Ship ran aground and was seized and burned by American colonists. • Results: • British took the guilt y citizens back to England for trial (Violation of Rights). • Thomas Jefferson suggested that each colony should create a Committee of Correspondence to communicate with one another.

  3. Tea Actof 1773: • Lord North (English Prime Minister) wanted to help the British East India Company which was almost bankrupt. • Parliament passed a tax that would make the companies tea cheaper than the smuggled Dutch tea. • Committees of Correspondences notified each colony about the new shipments of British tea.

  4. Boston Tea Party: • December 1773 • British planned to send over 1200 chests of tea to NYC, Philadelphia, Boston, and Charlestown. • CoC’s: Asked colonists to stage events against the tea shipments. • Boston Harbor: • Sons of Liberty disguised as Natives boarded the British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor.

  5. Coercive Acts (Spring 1774): • King George III was outraged over Tea Party. • Parliament will pass a series of acts to punish Massachusetts. • Acts: • Shut down Boston Harbor, Required all government positions to be appointed not elected, Allowed British troops to stand trial in England, Required the lodging of all British troops, and General Thomas Gage was appointed Governor of MA. • These acts became known as Intolerable Acts.

  6. FirstContinental Congress: • 55 delegates representing 12 colonies met in Philadelphia. • Some wanted concessions, others wanted revolt. • Patrick Henry: “Give me liberty, or give me death”. • September 5, 1774: Meeting takes place. • Accomplishments: • Declaration of Rights and Grievances: They expressed their loyalty to King George but condemned the Coercive Acts. • Continental Association: Planned to form local committees to enforce boycott of British goods. • They agreed to hold a Second Continental Congress in May 1775 if conflict was not resolved.

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