1 / 26

WP5 - MICROBIAL METABOLIC ACTIVITIES CNRS DR 12 - LMM

D. MARTY, J. GARCIN, C. TAMBURINI, A. BIANCHI. BIODEEP Meeting VIII VENEZIA 13-15 October 2003. BACTERIAL ACTIVITIES. * STRICT ANAEROBIC ACTIVITIES * Methane Production (MP) * Sulfate Reduction (SR). * BACTERIAL PRODUCTION & ACTIVITY * Bacterial Production (BP)

kiley
Download Presentation

WP5 - MICROBIAL METABOLIC ACTIVITIES CNRS DR 12 - LMM

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. D. MARTY, J. GARCIN, C. TAMBURINI, A. BIANCHI BIODEEP Meeting VIII VENEZIA 13-15 October 2003 BACTERIAL ACTIVITIES • * STRICT ANAEROBIC ACTIVITIES • * Methane Production (MP) • * Sulfate Reduction (SR) * BACTERIAL PRODUCTION & ACTIVITY * Bacterial Production (BP) * Glutamate & Glucose Uptake * Enzymatic Activities WP5 - MICROBIAL METABOLIC ACTIVITIESCNRS DR 12 - LMM

  2. * BRINES * INTERFACE (Seawater-Brine) Seawater, Upper & Lower Interface (2001) Along Interface (2002) * BRINES Brines, Upper Brine, Heavy Brine (Urania) * MUD PIT (Urania) * SEDIMENT * OVERLAYING BRINE (or BOTTOM BRINE) * SEDIMENT (Levels A, B, C) MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES BIODEEP CRUISES 2001 & 2002 L’ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY, URANIA

  3. * METHANE PRODUCTION (MP) CH4 produced (µmol/L) * NATURAL MP & POTENTIAL MP * No Amendment & Pool of Substrates * BIODEEP-3 CRUISE (2002) * MPR = Methane Production Rate * MP ± Sulfate Reduction inhibitor (Molybdate) * SULFATE REDUCTION SRR 35SH2 produced from 35SO4 (µmol/L/d) * BIODEEP-3 CRUISE 2002 * SR ± Methane Production inhibitor (BES) STRICT ANAEROBIC ACTIVITIES

  4. * BACTERIAL PRODUCTION(Biomass Production) * Incorporation of 3H-Leucine * ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES BIODEEP-2 Cruise 2001 * Aminopeptidase * Phosphatase * GLUTAMATE UPTAKE * Assimilation & Respiration of 14C-Glutamate * GLUCOSE UPTAKE BIODEEP-3 Cruise 2002 * Assimilation & Respiration of 14C-Glucose BACTERIAL PRODUCTION & ACTIVITIES

  5. Discovered in 1993 Hypersaline S‰ ~10-times SW Brine layer homogeneous Stratification T°C - 3 layers L’ATALANTE DISCOVERY URANIA psu nM mM T°C S‰ CH4 SO4 13.84 39 2-6 31 13.82 13.91 400. 103 14.06 320 188. 103 333 SEAWATER 3295 m INTERFACE SW UPPER INTERFACE01 LOWER INTERFACE 01 40 m 30 m 16 m BRINE BODY BRINE01 & 02 NaCl dominant (180 g Cl/L) Potassium up to 390 mM BOTTOM BRINE BOTTOM BRINE01 & 02 SEDIMENT LEVEL A01 & 02 SEDIMENT LEVEL B 01 & 02 SEDIMENT 3390 m L’ATALANTE

  6. Salinity S‰ (PSU) Dissolved [CH4] (µM) S‰ & [CH4] MP nat & MP pot SRR & MPR INTERFACE BRINE-01 BRINE-02 BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B INTERFACE BRINE-01 BRINE-02 BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B INTERFACE BRINE-01 BRINE-02 BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B Sulfate Reduction Rate (µM H2S/d) 0 200 400 600 0 50 100 150 0 50 100 150 Methane Production Natural (µM CH4) Methane Production Potential (µM CH4) Methane Production Rate (µM CH4/d) L’ATALANTE BASINS‰, [CH4], MP & SR

  7. 2 layers: Upper Brine Lower Brine psu nM mM mM pH S‰ T°C CH4 H2S SO4 8.2 39 13.5 2-6 0 31 6.5 321 14.41 128.103 1.34 99 326 15.14 2.7 130 Bottom Brine 37.103 SEAWATER SW 3276 db INTERFACE 1 UPPER INTERFACE01 LOWER INTERFACE01 INTERFACE 02 140 dbar UPPER BRINE BODY BRINE01 & 02 INTERFACE 2 LOWER BRINE 300 dbar BOTTOM BRINE BOTTOM BRINE01 & 02 SEDIMENT-A01 & 02 SEDIMENT-B 02 SEDIMENT- C 02 3778 db SEDIMENT BANNOCK BASIN LIBECCIO

  8. Salinity S‰ (PSU) Dissolved [CH4] (µM) S‰ & [CH4] BRINE-01 BRINE-02 BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B MP nat & MP pot SRR & MPR BRINE-01 BRINE-02 BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B 100 INTERFACE INTERFACE 80 60 3 340 40 Depth (db) 588 20 3 345 0 0 50 100 150 Sulfate Reduction Rate (µM H2S/d) 100 200 300 400 0 Methane Production Natural (µM CH4) Methane Production Potential (µM CH4) Methane Production Rate (µM CH4/d) BANNOCK BASIN LIBECCIO sub-basinS‰, MP, [CH4] & SR

  9. Salinity S‰ (PSU) Salinity S‰ (PSU) Dissolved [CH4] (µM) Dissolved [CH4] (µM) S‰ & [CH4] S‰ & [CH4] MP nat & MP pot 50 40 300 30 INTERFACE SW / BRINE 3 340 Depth (db) 20 200 3 341 3 341 3 345 3 339 3 339 3 340 3 340 3 342 3 342 3 343 3 343 10 0 100 0 100 200 300 400 0 Methane Production Natural (µM CH4) Methane Production Potential (µM CH4) BANNOCK BASIN INTERFACE SW / BRINE S‰, [CH4] & MP

  10. Discovered in 1993-94 - Hypersaline Area = 7.5 km2 - Volume = 2 x 108 m3 Brine layer homogeneous L’ATALANTE DISCOVERY URANIA psu nM mM mol/Kg S‰ pH CH4 SO4 Na Mg Cl 39 7.8 2-6 31 0.486 0.06 0.57 >120 4.5 36.103 85 0.008 5.15 10.15 SEAWATER 3 516 m INTERFACE SW UPPER INTERFACE01 LOWER INTERFACE01 INTERFACE 02 BRINE BODY BRINE01 & 02 BOTTOM BRINE SEDIMENT- A01 & 02 SEDIMENT-B 02 SEDIMENT-C 02 SEDIMENT 3 533 m DISCOVERY

  11. Salinity S‰/10 SEAWATER BRINE-01 BRINE-02 SED-A SED-B SED-C Dissolved [CH4] (µM) S‰ & [CH4] MP nat & MP pot SRR & MPR SEAWATER BRINE-01 BRINE-02 SED-A SED-B SED-C INTERFACE INTERFACE 3 650 Depth (db) 3 655 3 660 320 Sulfate Reduction Rate (µM H2S/d) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Methane Production Natural (µM CH4) Methane Production Potential (µM CH4) Methane Production Rate (µM CH4/d) DISCOVERY BASINS‰, [CH4], MP & SR

  12. Salinity S‰/10 Salinity S‰/10 S‰ & [CH4] Dissolved [CH4] (µM) Dissolved [CH4] (µM) 10 3 652 3 652 3 653 3 653 3 654 3 654 3 655 3 655 3 656 3 656 3 657 3 657 S‰ & [CH4] MP nat & MP pot 8 6 70 4 60 3 650 50 2 40 3 655 INTERFACE SW / BRINE 0 Depth (db) 30 3 660 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Methane Production Natural (µM CH4) Methane Production Potential (µM CH4) DISCOVERY INTERFACE SW / BRINE S‰, [CH4] & MP

  13. WEST MIDDLE Discovered in 1993 - 6 km long Hypersaline S‰ ~5-8-times SW Horseshoe-shaped depression 3 layers: Brine, Heavy Brine, Mud pit EAST psu nM mM mM pH S‰ T°C CH4 H2S SO4 8.6 39 13.74 2-6 0 31 6.8 200 15.78 2692.103 10 85 210 45.3 SEAWATER SW UPPER INTERFACE 01 LOWER INTERFACE01 INTERFACE 02 3462 m INTERFACE 1 EAST-BRINE 01 WEST-BRINE 02 BRINE 80 - 200 m INTERFACE 2 EAST-INTERFACE-2 02 EAST-HEAVY BRINE 02 HEAVY BRINE WEST-MUD PIT 02 MUD PIT 3714 m MUD PIT BOTTOM BRINE01 SEDIMENT-A01 & 02 SEDIMENT-B01 & 02 BOTTOM BRINE 3850 m SEDIMENT URANIA

  14. [CH4]/10 Salinity S‰ (PSU) Dissolved [CH4]/10 (µM) S‰ & [CH4] MP nat & MP pot SRR & MPR 3 520 INTERFACE-1 BRINE-01 BRINE-02 INTERFACE-2 HEAVY BRINE MUD PIT BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B INTERFACE-1 BRINE-01 BRINE-02 INTERFACE-2 HEAVY BRINE MUD PIT BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B 3 540 Depth (db) 3 600 3 620 1219 1797 Sulfate Reduction Rate (µM H2S/d) 0 250 500 750 1000 0 250 500 750 1000 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Methane Production Natural (µmol CH4/l) Methane Production Potential (µmol CH4/l) Methane Production Rate (µmol CH4/l/d URANIA BASINS‰, [CH4], MP & SR

  15. [CH4]/10 Salinity S‰ (PSU) Salinity S‰ (PSU) 3 608 3 608 3 606 3 606 3 610 3 610 3 612 3 612 3 614 3 614 3 616 3 616 Dissolved [CH4]/10 (µM) Dissolved [CH4]/10 (µM) 2000 3 520 3 520 3 524 3 524 3 528 3 528 3 532 3 532 3 536 3 536 3 540 3 540 MP nat & MP pot SRR & MPR S‰ & [CH4] 1500 3 520 1000 750 INTERFACE SW / BRINE 3 540 500 1000 500 0 750 250 Depth (db) 500 3 600 0 500 250 400 INTERFACE-2 BRINE / HEAVY BRINE 3 620 0 300 200 100 0 250 500 750 1000 Methane Production Natural (µmol CH4/l) 0 Methane Production Potential (µmol CH4/l) URANIA BASIN INTERFACES S‰, [CH4] & MP

  16. 700 6000 600 ATALANTE 5000 BANNOCK 500 DISCOVERY 4000 URANIA S‰ [CH4] 400 [CH4] 3000 300 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE 2000 200 100 1000 INTERFACE 0 0 [CH4] µM S‰ (psu) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 [CH4] µM L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAS‰ & [CH4]

  17. 1000 MP = METHANE PRODUCTION µmol CH4 produced per liter ATALANTE BANNOCK 800 DISCOVERY URANIA 600 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B SED-C 200 MPR = METHANE PRODUCTION RATE µmol CH4 produced per liter per day INTERFACE 400 150 200 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B SED-C 100 0 50 0 MP Natural : [CH4] µM MPR Natural : [CH4] µM/d L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAMETHANE PRODUCTION

  18. 60 MP = METHANE PRODUCTION µmol CH4 produced per liter ATALANTE BANNOCK 50 DISCOVERY 35 40 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B SED-C INTERFACE 30 30 MPR = METHANE PRODUCTION RATE µmol CH4 produced per liter per day 25 20 20 10 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B SED-C 15 0 10 5 0 MPR Natural : [CH4] µM/d MP Natural : [CH4] µM L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAMETHANE PRODUCTION

  19. MPR = METHANE PRODUCTION RATE µmol CH4 produced per liter per day MPR in the presence or absence of Molybdate (inhibitor of SR) 300 without MOB with MOB 250 200 150 MPnat: CH4 µM/l 100 50 0 BrineBrineMudPitMudpit Sed-BSed-B +MOB +MOB +MOB x 17 x 1.5 x 5.7 URANIA BASINMETHANE PRODUCTION ± INHIBITOR OF SR

  20. 350 300 ATALANTE 250 SRR = SULFATE REDUCTION RATE µmol H2S produced per liter per day BANNOCK 200 DISCOVERY 150 URANIA 150 125 100 BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SED-A SED-B SED-C 100 50 INTERFACE 0 75 50 25 0 SRR : H2S mM/d SRR : H2S mM/d L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIASULFATE REDUCTION

  21. ATALANTE BANNOCK DISCOVERY URANIA OXIC SW 3 000 m PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY nmol produced per liter per hour AMINO-PEPTIDASE ACTIVITY nmol produced per liter per hour INTERFACE BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SEDIMENT-A SEDIMENT-B SW 3 000 m INTERFACE BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SEDIMENT-A SEDIMENT-B 0.1 0.1 1 1 10 10 100 100 1000 1000 10000 10000 100000 100000 pmol/l/h pmol/l/h L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES

  22. ATALANTE 100000 BANNOCK DISCOVERY 10000 URANIA SW 1000 GLUCOSE UPTAKE pmol per liter per hour GLUTAMATE UPTAKE pmol per liter per hour 100 10 Ligurian Sea 2000 m SW INTERFACE BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SEDIMENT-A SEDIMENT-B SW BRINE BOTTOM BRINE SEDIMENT-A SEDIMENT-B 1 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 pmol/l/h pmol/l/h L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAGLUTAMATE & GLUCOSE UPTAKE

  23. Brine-DC Brine-HP BACTERIAL PRODUCTION ng C per liter per day BACTERIAL PRODUCTION 2001 ng C per liter per day SW 3000 m Interface Brine DC = Samples Decompressed HP = Samples Ambient Pressure 0.8 SW ATALANTE BANNOCK DISCOVERY URANIA 0.6 2 0.4 1.5 0.2 1 0 0.5 SW ATALANTE BANNOCK DISCOVERY URANIA 0 L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIABACTERIAL PRODUCTION

  24. AA = Aminopeptidase Activity PA = Phophatase Activity GLUT = Glutamate Uptake BACTERIAL ACTIVITIES DC = Samples Decompressed HP = Samples Ambient Pressure SEAWATER ATALANTE BANNOCK 30 DC 56.30 HP 20 10 0 AA GLUT AA AA PA GLUT SEAWATER ATALANTE BANNOCK L'ATALANTE, BANNOCK, DISCOVERY & URANIAEFFECT OF PRESSURE CONDITIONS ONBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES

  25. * PRESENCE OF ACTIVEARCHAEBACTERIA & BACTERIA IN THE DHABs * INTERFACE * BRINES * SEDIMENT * BACTERIA ADAPTED TO IN SITU CONDITIONS (HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH SALINITY, ANOXIA...) AS ACTIVITY IS HIGHER UNDER AMBIENT CONDITIONS THAN IN DECOMPRESSED SAMPLES CONCLUSIONS

  26. CONCLUSIONS * GLOBALLY, IN THE DIFFERENT DHABs SRL'ATALANTE>DISCOVERY >URANIA≥ BANNOCK MPURANIA>BANNOCK≥ L'ATALANTE>DISCOVERY BABANNOCK>URANIA>L'ATALANTE>DISCOVERY AABANNOCK>L'ATALANTE>URANIA>DISCOVERY PABANNOCK>L'ATALANTE>URANIA>DISCOVERY GLUTBANNOCK>L'ATALANTE>URANIA>DISCOVERY GLUCURANIA>DISCOVERY>L'ATALANTE>BANNOCK

More Related