Future vehicles see and talk Tapani Mäkinen

1. Future vehicles see and talkTapani Mäkinen 10 June 2008 VTT Press Conference Via Nordica

2. Contents 1 Motivation and background for developing intelligent vehicles 2 What makes a vehicle intelligent 3 Recent and starting new activities • Novel driver monitoring system • Assisted intersection driving • Use of navigators and smart phones for driver support 4 Conclusions

3. Motivation to our work - human operators are prone to distraction and extra motives

4. What makes a vehicle intelligent?:INFORMATION The problem of a human operator is addressed today by means of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Systems (IVSS)

5. Solving the problem of a human operator Information based on: Acceleration sensors sensors communication

6. Developing vehicle intelligence based on sensing and communication Development of road vehicles' sensing and communication systems has a long history: 'Red Flag Act' in Great Britain in 1865.

7. Developing vehicle intelligence based on sensing and communication • European automotive and research sectors have invested R&D of intelligent vehicle systems since early 1980's. • The trend has been to develop intelligent vehicles as stand-alone systems to be later followed by vehicle communication systems for enhancing driver awareness. • First, emphasis was on active safety systems exploiting vehicle dynamics information such as speed, acceleration and yaw rate. The best known example ESC (Electronic Stability Control) was introduced in 1995. • Thereafter, the emphasis has gradually shifted to systems monitoring vehicle environment and communicating systems = cooperative driving.

8. Developing vehicle intelligence based on sensing and communication • Development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) using sensing systems looking outside the vehicle has boosted vehicles sensing capabilities. • Vehicle safety systems are acquiring information further away from the vehicle.

9. Developing vehicle intelligence based on sensing and communication • Eventually, single safety applications are integrated in one platform making an electronic safety zone surrounding the vehicle.

10. Novel driver monitoring system • The first adaptive integrated driver-vehicle interface (Intelligent HMI) was developed in the AIDE project to protect the driver from distraction. • 30 partners, 13 million euros, coordinated by Volvo Technology.

11. Novel driver monitoring system • A novel method was developed for driver state monitoring. • It is based on the automated glance direction monitoring and the assesment of driver behaviour. • The method is able to determine whether the driver is aware of traffic ahead. • First driver monitoring systems have already entered the market but this kind of sophisticated multi-sensor systems still need to wait some more years for market introduction. • VTT's role in the work included development of driver monitoring systems by means of machine vision technology. • VTT and Volvo developed together the whole Cockpit Activity Assessment Module (CAA-module).

12. System supporting intersection driving • Ibeo - the laser vision developer coordinates; partners VW, BMW, NEC and VTT. • Intersection monitoring system + vehicle communication system (V2V, V2I).

13. System supporting intersection driving • Project objective is to develop an intersection monitoring system by means of advanced sensor and communication technologies such as laser sensors, radars, stereo vision and WLAN-communication network. • This system would provide drivers the necessary information of road users at the intersection area and road surface conditions (slipperiness). • This information (warning) is transferred to drivers entering the intersection area. • A 'smart traffic pole' is developed; the role of VTT is to develop a infrastructure monitoring technique. • The project is starting in July 2008.

14. Aftermarket and nomadic devices supporting the driver TeleFOT-project • Target: to study the impacts of information provided by aftermarket and nomadic devices (smart phones and personal navigation devices) • European, 15 míllion euro project • 25 partners coordinated by VTT • Starts in summer 2008 • Numerous world class players in the fieldare contributing to work in the Stakeholder Forum, e.g. Nokia, Volvo and TomTom

15. Aftermarket and nomadic devices supporting the driver TeleFOT-project • Over 3000 test drivers will be participating in 9 European countries. • Safe fixing of devices will be investigated in crash tests (by ADAC). • Testing the impacts of various traffic information such as showing speed limit inside the car, road conditions ahead, traffic jams, road works, accidents etc. • Instrumented vehicles will be used; drivers are also using their own vehicles with data loggers. • eCall functionality will be tested.

16. Conclusions • Advanced sensors are necessary in developing smart vehicles but they are not suffcient, since drivers need time to respond to hazards ahead. • Cooperative driving i.e. 'talking cars' enhance driver's awareness, and it is based on communication between different traffic system parts: • between vehicles (V2V) • between vehicles and background systems such as traffic centres (V2I) • Finnish players are strengthening their role in developing future traffic system based on advanced sensors and communication.