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Developmental Psychopathology

Developmental Psychopathology. The study of the origins and course of maladaptive behavior as compared to the development of normal behavior Do not look at these as diseases but rather adaptations over time. What Makes Behavior Abnormal?. Statistical Deviance Maladaptiveness

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Developmental Psychopathology

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  1. Developmental Psychopathology • The study of the origins and course of maladaptive behavior as compared to the development of normal behavior • Do not look at these as diseases but rather adaptations over time

  2. What Makes Behavior Abnormal? • Statistical Deviance • Maladaptiveness • Dangerousness included • Personal Distress • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV TR)

  3. Developmental Psychopathology • The Diathesis-Stress Model • Psychopathology results from the interaction over time: • of a predisposition or vulnerability to a psychological disorder • and the experience of stressful events

  4. Autism • Characterized by: • Abnormal social development • Failure to relate to others • Impaired language and communication skills • Lack of speech or ability to initiate or sustain conversation • Repetitive, stereotyped behavior and restrictive behavior • Most comfortable with sameness of environment • Must show abnormal functioning in social behavior, comunication, or imaginative play before age 3 • May or may not have intellectual impairment

  5. Autism • Effects approx 30/10,000 • 4/1 boys • Generally becomes evident between 18 to 30 months of age but often not diagnosed until around age 6

  6. Asperger’s Disorder • A milder form of PDD • Characterized by: • Poor social interaction • Development of narrow, obsessive or repetitive behavior • Not as significantly impaired in intellect or language

  7. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Some combination of three main characteristics: • Inattention • Impulsivity • Hyperactivity • Effects approx 3 – 5% of children • Boys 2/1

  8. Conduct Problems • Oppositional Defiant Disorder • Non delinquent negativistic or oppositional behavior • Conduct Disorder • Purposeful and intentional engagement in patterns of antisocial behavior that violates social norms and the rights of others • Boys • Stealing, fighting, vandalism, disciplinary problems at school • Girls • Lying, truancy, running away, substance use, and prostitution

  9. Depression • Similar feelings of helplessness, distorted thinking patterns, low self esteem and perceptions of confidence seen in all ages • Symptoms can include: • Loss of interest in activities • Weight gain or loss • Insomnia or hypersomnia • Lack of energy • Feelings of worthlessness or guilt • Reduced concentration or ability to make decisions • Suicidal or homicidal thoughts

  10. Depression • Children: • Refusal to attend school • Fear of parents dying • Conduct disorders • Academic problems • Physical complaints • Hyperactivity • Adolescents: • Aggressiveness • Sexual acting out

  11. Dementia (Senility) • A progressive deterioration of neural functioning associated with memory impairment, declines in tested intellectual ability, poor judgment, difficulty thinking abstractly, and possible personality changes

  12. Dementia • Alzheimer’s Disease (Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type) • A progressive brain disease characterized by gradual loss of memory and intellectual functioning, personality changes, and eventual loss of the ability to care for oneself. • Accounts for 50 – 70% of dementia cases • 4th leading cause of death • Up to 10% over age 65 • 40% over age 70

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