LIEBE Project review Safety work-package 25.06.2014

2. LIEBE Project review Safety work-package25.06.2014 V.Barozier2, AP.Bernardes2, J.Blaha2, M.Delonca2, A.Marchix1, T.Melo Mendonca2, T.Stora2, J.Vollaire2 Cea Saclay1, Cern2

3. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • Specific LIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

4. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • Specific LIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

5. Radioprotection (p,xn) (β-) (n,γ) 209Bi 210-xPo (209Po: T1/2=102 y, 208Po: T1/2= 2.898 y) 209Bi 210Bi 210Po (T1/2=138 d) • Production of Polonium • Direct production via (p,xn) reactions on 209Bi • β-decay from 210Bi produced by neutron activation • Secondary helium-induced reactions in Bi and Pb neutron activation Secondary reactions Release of polonium is a driving element for safety  Already true for the static Pb-Bi target. Contamination is already managed at ISOLDE LIEBE Project Meeting

6. Isotopes Inventory Main contributor in terms of radiotoxicity (>1% of total) is defined by the LA (N.B. Authorization Limits take into account the radiotoxicology of the given nuclide, Ref:ORaP*) 1 LA  5mSv dose due to inhalation exposure Acknowledgment J.Blaha/CERN, A.Marchix/CEA

7. Isotopes Inventory After 1 year Acknowledgment J.Blaha/CERN, A.Marchix/CEA LIEBE Project Meeting

8. Isotopes Inventory Validation of simulation with irradiated Pb-Bi samples on ISOLDE proton beam Pb-Bi samples irradiation and comparison with simulation for validation of activities inventory FLUKA (CERN) and MCNPX INCL4.6 – ABLA07 Isotopes inventory Total intensity : 3.22.E13 protons Acknowledgment J.Blaha/CERN, A.Marchix/CEA, M Melo Delonca/CERN, S.Lahiri/SINP LIEBE Project Meeting

9. Isotopes Inventory Ratio between calculated and measured activities (calculation with INCL4.6-ABLA07/CINDER) Within factor 3 between measured and calculated activity Large discrepancies for nuclides closed to 1 Bq activity Acknowledgment A.Marchix/CEA, M Melo Delonca/CERN, S.Lahiri/SINP LIEBE Project Meeting

10. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • SpecificLIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

11. ALARA Dose rate for the Pb388 target at 2m30 from the target – 1E18 protons Decay time start-up ≈10mSv/h. Storage of the target Factor 2 After 1 day decay Acknowledgment A.Dorsival LIEBE Project Meeting

12. ALARA •  New fast connectors are needed • Modification is needed on irradiated Front-end to avoid to send people to disconnect the target after irradiation • Cooling system and pump as well Acknowledgment T.Melo Mendonca and V.Barozier/CERN LIEBE Project Meeting

13. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • Specific LIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

14. Risk analysis – Similar to a static target Shock wave due to beam on Pb-Bi may induce dramatic failures of the loop Instantaneous power: ≈ 1 GW Installation was not jeopardised because of the external vessel acting as double envelope Beam window container rupture of a Pb static target due to beam impact LIEBE Project Meeting

15. Risk analysis – Similar to a static target Preventing shock wave due to beam on Pb-Bi • Prevention: • ANSYS calculation to be finished to demonstrate no failure on beam window or grids • Safety barriers • Vessel is enclosing the full Pb-Bi loop including the filling tank and acts as double envelope • Leak detection LIEBE Project Meeting

16. Risk analysis – Similar to a static target Transfer of Pb-Bi liquid to the FE Prevention NaF salt going through the ion source from the target container to the off-line after a chemical reaction • No direct link between the container and chimney • Inlet pipe to chimney tilted • Maximum volume of Pb-Bi inside diffusion chamber lower than inlet pipe height

17. Risk analysis – Similar to a static target Water leak inside target Prevention/Protection • Leak detection on off-line prior putting a target on line • Welding pressure test before acceptance. Electron beam welding preferred from brazing. Cold line enclosed. • LIEBE leak detection • Vessel Enclosure 20°C 20°C Target base cool down with water LIEBE Project Meeting

18. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • Specific LIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

19. Risk analysis – Specific to LIEBE target Water leak heat exchanger Prevention External vessel in between water and LBE LIEBE Project Meeting

20. Risk analysis – Specific to LIEBE target Solidification of Pb-Bi (cold point or oxides) Prevention/Protection • - The loop will be sized and pressure tested at 1.43 of nominal pressure • 18 thermocouples around the loop will be installed instead of 3 for a static target • Filling container and procedure • Vessel enclosure • Leak detection LIEBE Project Meeting

21. Risk analysis – Specific to LIEBE target Target Handling Prevention • Target compatible with robot before and after operation (gravity center modified) • Robot tests with LIEBE target foreseen • Pump may as well be installed with robot  to be tested LIEBE Project Meeting

22. Outline • Radioprotection • Isotopes inventory • ALARA • Risk analysis • Similar to a static target • Specific LIEBE • Conclusion LIEBE Project Meeting

23. Conclusion • Isotopes inventory done • ALARA principle to be developed and tested • Preliminary Failures analysis and input on design done. • Failure analysis to be updated with tests on loop LIEBE Project Meeting

24. Acknowledgements CEA: A.Marchix CERN: V.Barozier, J.Blaha, M.Delonca, T.Melo Mendonca, T.Stora, J.Vollaire IPUL: K.Kravalis, R.Nikoluskins PSI: D.Schumann SCK.CEN: D.Houngbo, L.Popescu, P.Schuurmans SINP: S.Lahiri LIEBE Project Meeting