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中国水污染防治政策建议 Policy Recommendations for Water Pollution Prevention in China

世行中国水污染防治政策创新项目 World Bank-SEPA Project: China Water Pollution Prevention Innovation. 中国水污染防治政策建议 Policy Recommendations for Water Pollution Prevention in China. 国家环境保护总局环境规划院 Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, SEPA 2007 年 3 月 1 日. Introduction 引言( 1 ).

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中国水污染防治政策建议 Policy Recommendations for Water Pollution Prevention in China

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  1. 世行中国水污染防治政策创新项目 World Bank-SEPA Project: China Water Pollution Prevention Innovation 中国水污染防治政策建议Policy Recommendations for Water Pollution Prevention in China 国家环境保护总局环境规划院 Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, SEPA 2007年3月1日

  2. Introduction 引言(1) • Water pollution control as one of the key tasks in China’s environmental protection 水污染防治是中国环境保护的重要任务之一。 • Targets established, key areas identified, key projects designed and implemented during 9th and 10th five year plan period 九五和十五期间,确定控制目标和重点区域,实施重点工程。 • Though improved to some extent, the reduction target of total load of COD had not been accomplished during 10th FYPP 尽管水质有一定程度改善,但是“十五”COD削减目标还是没有完成。

  3. Introduction 引言(2) • Remain top priority during 11th FYPP仍是十一五环保规划的重点领域 • Ensuring security of drinking water全力保障饮水安全 • Speed up the engineering projects for urban wastewater treatment and re-use of treated water 加快城市污水处理与再生利用工程建设 • Strengthening the treatment of industrial wastewater 加强工业废水治理 • Push for the water pollution control in key river basin 推进重点流域水污染防治

  4. WPPI中国水污染防治政策创新项目 • Policy Innovation for Water Pollution Prevention in China 中国水污染防治政策创新 • Project Sponsored by World Bank and SEPA 世行和国家环保总局项目 • Project period(项目周期): 2001.1-2002.12 • WB Policy Discussion Paper issued in 2006。2006年发表世行政策讨论报告

  5. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(1) • Focusing on strategic planning 加强战略规划 • Long term version 长期目标 • Medium term (five years) 中期目标 • Annual plan 年度计划

  6. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(2) • Adjusting policy and regulations 调整政策和制度 • Adjusting legal system 调整和完善法律 • Adjusting standard systems 调整标准体系

  7. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(3) • Integrated water resource management 水资源综合管理 • No universal institutional system for integrated WRM 水资源综合管理没有统一管理体制 • WRM at river basin流域层次的水资源综合管理 • Need legal framework for river basin WRM 需要加强立法 • Institutional reform 体制改革模式

  8. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(4) • Strengthening economic instruments 加强经济手段的应用 • Tradable permits 可交易的配额 • Raise the level of fees 提高收费标准; • Charge higher rate over the discharge of toxic material 有害物质排放收费标准高; • Fee collected should be used for water pollution control 专项用于水污染防治.

  9. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(5) • Strengthening financing 加强水污染防治的融资 • Wide options of financing water pollution control有许多融资方式; • Cost recovery 成本回收; • Public private partnership公私合营.

  10. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(6) • Urban pollution control 城市污染控制 • Speed up the establishment of urban wastewater treatment plants加快污水处理厂建设 • Raise wastewater treatment charge rate提高污水处理收费标准 • Strengthen the supervision on urban wastewater treatment plants 加强污水处理设施监管 • Protection drinking water sources 保护饮用水源地

  11. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(7) • Industrial pollution 工业污染控制 • Significant progress made已经取得显著成绩; • Enhancing compliance and enforcement加强执法; • Wastewater recycling technologies 污水回用技术; • Promote clean technologies, EMS 推广清洁技术,环境管理体系等。

  12. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(8) • Agricultural pollution 农业污染控制 • Derive reliable load estimates 确定可靠的排放量 • Develop a well though-out strategy for agricultural pollution control 制定农业污染控制战略 • Integrated approach 综合措施。

  13. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(9) • Improving water quality monitoring 改善水质监测 • Harmonization and quality control of data from difference sources 数据整合和质量控制; • Clearly differentiate the responsibilities of SEPA and MWR but apply uniform standard明确确定环保(水质)和水利(水文)部门在监测方面的职责,但要统一监测标准

  14. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(10) • Planning and capacity building规划和能力建设 • Open planning procedure 开放式的规划程序 • Capacity building 能力建设

  15. Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议(11) • Environmental awareness and public participation 环境意识和公众参与 • The use of public pressure借助于公众力量; • Information disclosure信息公开; • Environmental labeling 环境标志.

  16. 谢谢!! Thank you for your attention!

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