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Chapter 14, part 2

Chapter 14, part 2. The Brain and Cranial Nerves. SECTION 14-3 The Medulla Oblongata. Medulla oblongata. Connects the brain with the spinal cord Contains relay stations and reflex centers Olivary nuclei Cardiovascular and respiratory rhythmicity centers

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Chapter 14, part 2

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  1. Chapter 14, part 2 The Brain and Cranial Nerves

  2. SECTION 14-3The Medulla Oblongata

  3. Medulla oblongata • Connects the brain with the spinal cord • Contains relay stations and reflex centers • Olivary nuclei • Cardiovascular and respiratory rhythmicity centers • Reticular formation begins in the medulla oblongata and extends into more superior portions of the brainstem

  4. Figure 14.7 The Diencephalon and Brain Stem Figure 14.7a, b

  5. Figure 14.7 The Diencephalon and Brain Stem Figure 14.7c

  6. Figure 14.8 The Medulla Oblongata and Pons Figure 14.8a, b

  7. Figure 14.8 The Medulla Oblongata and Pons Figure 14.8c

  8. SECTION 14-4The Pons

  9. The pons contains • Sensory and motor nuclei for four cranial nerves • Nuclei that help control respiration • Nuclei and tracts linking the cerebellum with the brain stem, cerebrum and spinal cord • Ascending, descending and transverse tracts

  10. Figure 14.8 The Medulla Oblongata and Pons Figure 14.8a, b

  11. Figure 14.8 The Medulla Oblongata and Pons Figure 14.8c

  12. SECTION 14-5The Cerebellum

  13. The cerebellum • Adjusts postural muscles and tunes on-going movements • Cerebellar hemispheres • Anterior and posterior lobes • Vermis • Flocculonodular lobe • Superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles link cerebellum with brain stem, diencephalon, cerebrum, and spinal cord • Interconnects the two cerebellar hemispheres

  14. Figure 14.9 The Cerebellum Figure 14.9a

  15. Figure 14.9 The Cerebellum Figure 14.9b

  16. SECTION 14-6The Mesencephalon

  17. The mesencephalon • The tectum (roof) contains the corpora quadrigemina • Superior and inferior colliculi • The mesencephalon contains many nuclei • Red nucleus • Substantia nigra • Cerebral peduncles • RAS headquarters

  18. Figure 14.10 The Mesencephalon Figure 14.10a, b

  19. SECTION 14-7The Diencephalon

  20. The diencephalon is composed of • Epithalamus • Hypothalamus • Thalamus

  21. The thalamus • Final relay point for ascending sensory information • Coordinates the activities of the cerebral cortex and basal nuclei

  22. Figure 14.11 The Thalamus Figure 14.11a, b

  23. The hypothalamus • Controls somatic motor activities at the subconscious level • Controls autonomic function • Coordinates activities of the endocrine and nervous systems • Secretes hormones • Produces emotions and behavioral drives • Coordinates voluntary and autonomic functions • Regulates body temperature • Coordinates circadian cycles of activity

  24. Figure 14.12 The Hypothalamus in Sagittal Section Figure 14.12a

  25. Figure 14.12 The Hypothalamus in Sagittal Section Figure 14.12b

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