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Analysis of U.S. Pork Industry Productivity: Trends from 2007 to 2012

This report analyzes productivity indicators in the U.S. pork industry from 2007 to 2012, utilizing data from a large U.S. record-keeping organization and insights from the National Pork Board. Key areas of focus include benchmarking production phases such as breeding herds, nurseries, and finishing stages. The study highlights trends, seasonal effects, and industry benchmarks in sow farms, nursery performance, and grow-finish facilities. It identifies opportunities for enhancing production efficiency and underscores the industry's growing reliance on data-driven decision-making.

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Analysis of U.S. Pork Industry Productivity: Trends from 2007 to 2012

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  1. U.S. 2007 – 2012 Pork Industry Productivity Analysis C. E. Abell1, C. Hostetler2, and K. J. Stalder1 1Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3150 and National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA 50325 2013 Swine Educators In-Service Atlanta, GA October 2nd, 2013

  2. Data Description • Production data obtained from a large U.S. data record keeping organization • Agreement with the National Pork Board to share limited information. • Uses: • Quantify the annual production levels and variation associated for several key productivity indicators • Establish industry benchmarks for all swine production phases • Breeding herd • Nursery • Wean – to – finish • Conventional finishing

  3. Data Description • Production data obtained from a large U.S. data record keeping organization • Agreement with the National Pork Board to share limited information. • Uses: • Quantify seasonal affects associated with the key productivity indicators • Identify research opportunities that would improve the U.S. pork industry production efficiency

  4. Data description • Statistical process • Industry Trends • Raw means and standard deviations were used • Seasonality evaluation • Linear model was used • Fixed effects • Company • Month • Year • Covariates – for nursery, grow-finish, and wean-to-finish • Start age • Start days • Days in facility • Covariates – Sow farm • Weaning age

  5. Data description cont’ • Data (records) reported monthly for each production phase • Nursery and finishing data – • Monthly averages are based on animals exiting the facility that month • Sow farm data – • Monthly averages are based on litters weaned in that month

  6. Company / farm summary • Increase in the number of companies and farms represented • Tremendous increase in the data volume evaluated • Results in improved information and interpretations that can be made • Companies becoming much more data driven in their decision making process

  7. Company / farm summary • Grow-finish and wean-to-finish becoming farms becoming more like their sow farm counterparts • Farm level decisions much more data driven • Continue greater use of data when guiding company decision process regarding: • Employee • Financial • Health • Nutritional • Genetic • Some combination

  8. Use the Data to Benchmark • Compare with other businesses • Within species • Across species • Compare herd performance • Within company • Within country • Etc. • Set goals for improving herd • For a specific trait or several traits

  9. Overall Averages

  10. Key productivity indicators • Sow farm KPIs • Pigs/mated sow/ year • Litters/mated sow/year • Total born • Still born and mummies • Number born alive • Number weaned • Pre-weaning mortality % • Weaning weight • Weaning age

  11. Key productivity indicators cont’ • Nursery KPIs • Nursery mortality % • Nursery out weight • Days in nursery • Nursery feed conversion

  12. Key productivity indicators cont’ • Conventional finishers and wean-to-finish facilities KPIs • Finisher (wean-to-finish) mortality % • Finishing weight • Days in finisher (wean-to-finish) • Finisher feed conversion (wean-to-finish)

  13. Key Productivity Indicator Averages • Means and standard deviations across all farms and operations. • Sow, nursery, wean-to-finish, and conventional grow-finish data • Developed to examine yearly trends across the U.S. Swine industry. • Operations can compare one or a number of KPIs to see if they are above or below average

  14. Overall data summary • Finishing mortality has declined over time while market weight has continued to increase • Improving mortality by 2% for a 1000 hd. finishing facility would be equivalent to adding $3,240 each barn turn assuming 270 lb. market hog and $60/cwt. • Days in the finisher have remained relatively constant over time • Average daily gain has increased slightly over time • Feed conversion has improved slightly across both finishing facility types

  15. Overall data summary cont’ • Nursery performance has change little across the reporting time period • Pigs/mated sow/ year has increased by almost 2 pigs from 2007 to 2012. • Litters/mated sow/year has changed little during the time period • Most of the improvement in PSY is a result of improved litter size • Some of the PSY increase is greater stillborns and mummies • Number weaned has increased by 0.8 pigs

  16. Overall data summary cont’ • Percent pre-weaning mortality has increased. • Represents lost opportunity • Easy to improve?? • Weaning age has increased by 2 days from 2007 to 2012. • Weaning weight has increased by 1 lb.

  17. Plots of Averages

  18. Description of figures • Figures 1 -24 graphically depict the change for the top 25%, overall, and bottom 25% for each KPI for the 2007 to 2012 time period. • Top 25% represented by red lines • Overall average represented by black lines • Bottom 25% represented by blue lines • More easily view the rate of change for each KPI across the 2007 to 2012 time period

  19. Figure summary • KPIs are changing at the same direction for all three groups • Each group slope or rate of change may slightly differ • Examples: • Litter size averages have increased at almost the same rate across the top 25%, overall average, and bottom 25%. • Litter size limit not reached yet for any group

  20. Seasonality Estimates

  21. Seasonality graph description • Least squares means were used to obtain the month estimates using the model previously described.

  22. Seasonality graph • Graphs clearly show the months when decreased performance occurs for each KPI • Decreased performance represents substantial productivity and economic losses for the US swine industry • Identifying causes and methods to mitigate seasonality effects on the KPIs would have a large economic impact on the entire swine industry.

  23. Summary • The US swine industry has been successful at improving production efficiency • Some traits (mortality) still represent future opportunities • Increasing the pounds of pork produced in a given period of time and reduced finishing mortality has improved finishing throughput. • Combining improved litter size and pounds of pork produced, the throughput of the US swine industry has increased as a whole.

  24. Summary • Key productivity indicator trait improvements may be the result of – • Better genetics • Improved health • Superior management • Other • The results from this analysis can be used to determine when management practices need to be improved and/or maintained to ensure optimal performance level for each swine production phase.

  25. Thank you for your time and attention ! Do you have any questions or comments?

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