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Sustainable Development. Development and Environment In Conflict?. Sustainable Development. Seeks to meet the aspirations and the needs of the present Without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Challenges to Sustainable Development. Ecological Footprints.
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Sustainable Development • Seeks to meet the aspirations and the needs of the present • Without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Ecological Footprints • Ecological footprints: http://www.rprogress.org/ Measures “the amount of renewable and non-renewable ecologically productive land area required to support the resource demands and absorb the wastes of a given population or specific activities” US (295mn): 3bn hectares, or 9.6 he/person India (850mn): 880mn hectares, or .08he/person
Developed countries 19% of population 85% of wealth 88% of resource use 75% of pollution Population growth: 0.1% Developing countries 81% of population 15% of income 12% of resource use 25% wastes Population growth: 1.5% The sustainable development dilemma
History of the SD Concept • UN Conference on Environment and Development • Rio de Janeiro, 1992 • Conflict between concerns of developed and developing countries • Agenda 21: guide to sustainable policies
The Background Forces of Unsustainability • Poverty • Affluence • Population
The Poverty Connection Deforestation Soil Degradation Failure to Control Pollution Feedback Effects
The Affluence Connection • Depletion of Ozone Level • Global Warming • Solid Waste • Loss of Wetlands • Heavy Use of Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources
Population • The Pressure Effect • The Well-Being Effect • The Timing Effect • The Feedback Effect
Addressing the Challenge • Quest for a New Vision • Global cooperation • Local and individual action
Sustainable National Policies • Conservation in Costa Rica and Bolivia • Renewable power in Denmark • German waste recycling law
Sustainable Cities Curitiba • Brazilian city of 2 million • Mayor Jaime Lerner • Policies • Ecological education and awareness • Recycling • Mass transit • Efficient buildings, energy and water efficiency • 99% of inhabitants would not want to live elsewhere
Sustainable Cities Portland, OR • Cities for Climate Change coalition • Renewable energy • Recycling • Incentives to supply food locally • Public transportation system • The most bicycle friendly city in the US