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CP CLASS TEST TWO NOTES

CP CLASS TEST TWO NOTES. STANDARD THREE The student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE to 400 CE. A. Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. .

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CP CLASS TEST TWO NOTES

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  1. CP CLASSTEST TWO NOTES

  2. STANDARD THREEThe student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE to 400 CE.

  3. A. Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire.

  4. B. Identify the ideas and impact of important individuals; include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and describe the diffusion of Greek culture by Aristotle’s pupil Alexander the Great and the impact of Julius and Augustus Caesar.

  5. C. Analyze the contributions of Hellenistic and Roman culture; include law, gender, and science.

  6. ESSENTIAL QUESTION8/20/13 • What influence did Alexander have on the world?

  7. Phillip of Macedon 359 BC Kidnapped as a child and held in Greece Liked Greek culture Established 1st Macedonian professional army Began expanding his empire

  8. Conquered Greece following the Peloponnesian Wars.Greek opinion of Phillip was divided.Demosthenes – menace to Greece

  9. By 336 BC all of Greece was under Macedonian rule.Before Phillip could organize the city-states he is assassinated.

  10. ALEXANDER • Was only 20 years old when he took the throne. • Historians call him Alexander the Great • Period from the beginning of his reign to the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BC is called the Age of Alexander or the Hellenistic Age.

  11. Alexander and his father were very much alike.Phillip gave Alexander every advantage to make him a great ruler.Trained to fight by Macedonian army.

  12. But tutored by Aristotle.Learned to admire Greek cultureBegan military career by crushing rebellions in the Greek city-states after his father’s death

  13. Then went to Asia-Minor and defeated the Persians. Next he marched to Syria.From Syria he went westward to conquer Egypt.

  14. From Egypt he went to Mesopotamia to defeat the rest of the Persian empire.In 331 BC he captured BabylonBeyond Persia was India

  15. For 4 years he led his army east, and captured the lands of the Indus Valley.

  16. At Babylon in 323 BC he became ill, and he will die of a fever at age of 32.After his death his generals will kill his entire family and divide the empire.

  17. A fierce struggle will go on between the generals until 301 BC and then the 3 surviving generals agreed to divide the kingdom among themselves.

  18. Alexander’s divided empire • Macedonia (Greece)– ruled by Antigonus • Egpyt - ruled by Ptolemy • Capital city was Alexandria. Largest city in Hellenistic world. • Syria – ruled by Sellucus • Largest - Babylon

  19. 1. Headings Chapter 8 (15) before you leave today!2. Study for test 1 Thursday!

  20. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kRwJJwxGZE

  21. 8/21/13EQ – How did the Roman Empire develop?

  22. Alexander - to influence conquered cultures mix with the Greek culturebuilt cities, libraries (research), financed scholars, Greek language common, Greek culture

  23. New culture emergedGreek – (Hellenic) blended with Egyptian, Persian, and IndianHellenistic cultureKoine – Greek common

  24. ROME • According to legend Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus & Remus. • Twin sons of the god Mars and a Latin Princess. • They were abandoned on the Tiber River and raised by wolves. • Built Rome on that spot.

  25. Built on 7 rolling hills at a bend of the Tiber River.Center of Italy - mid way between the Alps and Italy’s southern tip.Also near the Med. Sea

  26. From 1,000 – 500 BC three groups inhabited this region and fought for control of the area.LatinsGreeksEtruscans

  27. The Latins • built the original settlement of Rome. • Considered 1st Romans. • Settled central Italy

  28. Greeks • Between 750 and 600 BC established colonies in southern Italy and Sicily. • Influenced Roman culture • Literature • Myths • Alphabet • Architecture - arch

  29. Etruscans • Northern Italy • Tarquins 600 BC ruled as kings • During their rule Rome grew from villages to city nearly 500 square miles. • Lost control in 509 BC and Etruscan people mixed with other cultures to become known as the Romans.

  30. All three ethnic groups began to think of themselves as Romans.They set up a Republic. Only male citizens could vote. Most were farmers. Not a big difference in social classes.

  31. But later social classes became more distinct.Most powerful – patriciansAll others – plebeiansPlebeians could not hold office, could not marry patricians, laws not written down, but expected to obey laws.

  32. Gradually, got some rights by holding strikes. Laws written down - engraved on stone tablets – Twelve Tabletsplaced in Forumcould marry patricianshold office

  33. 1. Test tomorrow – Study the study guide!2. CE due tomorrow (Europe)3. think-tac-Toe due 29th4. Timeline chapters 8 & 9 (25 events)

  34. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yLVnFEXnHB8

  35. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpJ_o0UXuO4

  36. 8/23/13 EQ – How did the Roman Empire develop?

  37. Rome’s Government • Senate – 300 men controlled public funds, political appointments determined foreign policy acted as court most important of the three branches

  38. Assembly of Centuries –name from military formation 193 members170 infantry18 cavalry5 civiliansMost were farmers.

  39. Assembly of Tribes- made from citizens from the 35 tribes.Plebeians controlled this branch

  40. Every adult male had to serve in the army when needed. No permanent armylegion – 4,500 – 6,000 menLegionariessupported by cavalry

  41. Legions divided into smaller groups called centuries.80 + 20 = 100Well trained army

  42. Discipline was strict – harsh punishments could not run for public office unless served in army 10+ years

  43. By the 4th century BC Rome dominated central Italy. By 265 BC Rome controlled nearly all of Italy. Rome had different laws or treatments for different people.

  44. All Latins were given full citizenship.Northern territories were not given the right to vote (Etruscans)

  45. Most conquered groups fell into a category called Allies of Rome.Rome promised not to interfere in gov’ts, as long as they provided troops, paid taxes, no alliance with enemies of Rome.

  46. CARTHAGE • One of Rome’s strongest enemies was Carthage. • Located on peninsula of North African coast. • Colony of Phoenicians • Competed with Rome for Med. Trade • Punic Wars 264 BC – 146 BC • 3 battles or wars

  47. 1st Punic War lasted 26 years. 264 – 241 BCOver control of Sicily& western Med. SeaRome won

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