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Wave Properties

Wave Properties. 8-6.3 Summarize factors that influence the basic properties of waves (including frequency, amplitude, wavelength, and speed). Factors that Influence Wave Properties. Wavelength Frequency Amplitude Speed. Wavelength.

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Wave Properties

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  1. Wave Properties 8-6.3 Summarize factors that influence the basic properties of waves (including frequency, amplitude, wavelength, and speed)

  2. Factors that Influence Wave Properties • Wavelength • Frequency • Amplitude • Speed

  3. Wavelength • Wavelength is the distance between one point on a wave and the nearest point just like it. • The measure of the distance between two successive identical parts of a wave (crest to crest in for transverse, compression to compression for compressional/longitudinal) • www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/schools/lesson1/flash/wavelength.swf

  4. Shorter Wavelength Longer Wavelength

  5. Compressional aka Longitudinal Wave

  6. Frequency • Frequency is the number of full wavelengths that pass a point each second. • Measures how rapidly vibrations occur in the medium, at the source of the wave, or both. • www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/schools/lesson1/flash/freq.swf = 1 full wavelength

  7. Frequency • Measured in Hertz (Hz) • Equation: • Frequency = # cycles/time • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/partsOfAWave/waveParts.htm#frequency shorter WAVELENGTHS = Greater ENERGY = Higher FREQUENCY Longer w a velengths = Less energy = smaller frequency

  8. Higher Frequency Lower Frequency

  9. Amplitude • Amplitude is a measure of the distance between a line through the middle of wave and a crest or trough. (half the height) • Amplitude is the greatest distance that vibrations in a wave move from their normal position when a wave passes by. Greater amplitude = greater energy

  10. What kind of wave is shown? • How many wavelengths are shown? • Which wave has less energy, A or B? • Which wave has greater frequency, A or B? transverse 2 B Neither: same frequency (# WL/time)

  11. What is the amplitude? Amplitude = 0.75 Amplitude =1.0

  12. http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/introduction/introductionWaves.htmlhttp://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/introduction/introductionWaves.html

  13. Speed • Speed is the distance a wave travels per time • Wave speed is determined by • Type of wave • Nature of medium • Waves travel at different speeds through different mediums. • As a wave enters a different medium, the wave’s speed changes. • All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in empty space: • 300 million m/s!

  14. Speed Waves travel faster through denser mediums. • The sound wave will travel the fastest through which medium? • Air • Water • Wood • Steel

  15. www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/schools/lesson1/flash/speed.swf

  16. Remember

  17. Determining the number of wavelengths… precursor to reading diagrams and graphs

  18. 1 wavelength

  19. 1.5 wavelengths

  20. 2 wavelengths

  21. How many wavelengths? 3

  22. How many wavelengths?

  23. #1 answer (3.5)

  24. How many wavelengths?

  25. #2 answer (6)

  26. How many wavelengths?

  27. #3 answer (5.5)

  28. Determining Frequency from a graph

  29. Frequency Equation • Frequency = #of cycles/time • Measured in Hertz (Hz)

  30. 1 cycle = 1 full wave to repeat itself

  31. 3 cycles 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 Time in seconds

  32. from 0 to 12 seconds 0 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 Time in seconds

  33. Frequency = 3 cycles/12 s = 0.25 Hz 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 Time in seconds

  34. Or determine the time for 1 full wave cycle

  35. 1 cycle in 4 seconds= 0.25 Hz 0 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 Time in seconds

  36. Period symbol T • The time for 1 cycle

  37. Frequency = 1 wave cycle / 4 seconds = 0.25 Hz 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 3 Time in seconds

  38. What is the frequency? 8 10 14 20 22 24 0 2 4 6 12 16 18 Time in seconds

  39. Frequency? 0 to 24 seconds 3 cycles 3 cycles / 24 s= 1/8 Hz 8 10 14 20 22 24 0 2 4 6 12 16 18 Time in seconds

  40. OR • Frequency – 1 cycle in x seconds

  41. Frequency =1 cycle in 8 seconds= 1/8 Hz 8 10 14 20 22 24 0 2 4 6 12 16 18 Time in seconds

  42. #1 frequency= ? 6 7 8 9 10 12 0 1 2 3 4 5 11 Time seconds

  43. #1 f= 1/8 Hz 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 11 12 Time seconds

  44. #2 frequency= ? 18 20 22 22 24 0 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 26 4 Time seconds

  45. #2 f= 1/8 Hz 18 20 22 22 24 0 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 26 4 Time seconds

  46. #3 frequency = ? 40 45 50 55 5 20 25 30 35 60 65 70 0 10 15 Time seconds

  47. #3 f = 1/20 Hz 40 45 50 55 5 20 25 30 35 60 65 70 0 10 15 Time seconds

  48. E)Type of Wave: A B Transverse E C D

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