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Welcome to China

Welcome to China. Changing use of fishmeal in animal & fish feeds in China. for IFFO 2005 Shanghai. Christine Wang. Brief feed industry Feeds composition Fishmeal in animal feeds Fishmeal in fish feeds Changing/problems/future My comments. Agenda. Brief.

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Welcome to China

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  1. Welcome to China

  2. Changing use of fishmeal in animal & fish feeds in China for IFFO 2005 Shanghai Christine Wang

  3. Brief feed industry Feeds composition Fishmeal in animal feeds Fishmeal in fish feeds Changing/problems/future My comments Agenda

  4. Brief

  5. Supply :amount of fishmeal produced globally is not determined by demand. It is limited by governments quota / natural resources. Demand:globally feed production  continuing growing especially the aquaculture feed continues to be the fastest growing sector with expansion estimated 8-10% /year.  China: We estimated total feed production is 4.5% increased  i.e. 97.2 million tons  in 2005. Brief –Supply & Demand

  6. China, the largest fishmeal Importer; ( approx. 20 % of the world ); China, the aquaculture Center of the world ( approx. 70% of the world); China, the largest swine raising country ( approx. 52% of the world); Brief – China Feed Industry

  7. Brief – China Feed IndustryFishmeal arrival Qty 1,394,410.45 mt Jan-Sept 05 Resources: China Customs

  8. Feed Composition

  9. Complete feed Concentrate feed Premix Feed Composition – 3 Categories

  10. Ingredients (fishmeal included) : a feed including all kind of ingredients and the nutrition requirements for raised animals (except water). Usage: Farmers use it alone to feed animal/fish without adding any other ingredients except water. Dosage: 100% complete feed directly to feed animals/fish. Feed Composition (1) - Complete Feed:

  11. Feed Composition (1)Complete Feed water 100% Complete feed + Fishmeal included

  12. - Ingredients (fishmeal included): Mixture of protein ingredients , minerals,vitamins and non-nutritional feed additives according to a certain formula. Usage: It cant be used alone, but no requirements to add other extra additives/salt. Farmers must follow the formula instruction to add other like corn. Dosage: 30% concentrate + 70% corn Feed Composition (2) – concentrate

  13. Feed Composition (2) – Concentrate 30% Concentrate 70%Farmers’own corn/wheat + Fishmeal included

  14. Ingredients (no fishmeal) : Premix of more than 2 kinds of feed additives. Usage: Farmers add energy feed (oil/fat) + protein feed (fishmeal/sbm) blended with Premix => self formula complete feed Dosage: 1-4% premix + 5% fishmeal + 91-95% corn/plants proteins Feed Composition (3)- Premix

  15. Feed Composition (3) – Premix Farmersadd5% fishmeal Farmers add91 - 94% corn, plants protein + 1 - 4%Premix

  16. Fishmeal in Animsal Feeds

  17. Fishmeal in Animal Feeds –Complete feed (typical % of fishmeal) + 5.9% Remark:- Simple, without adding any other ingredients.- Estimated production 72.25 million tons (up 5.9%) in 2005

  18. Fishmeal in Animal Feeds –Concentrate (typical formula for pig) +2.5% Remark:- 7-15 % of Fishmeal after diluted is about 2%- Widely used in pig in North, farmers have their own grains.

  19. Fishmeal in Animal Feeds –Premix (typical formula for pig) +9.2% Remark:- Compound soy replaced fishmeal- Premix demand increased sharply

  20. Fishmeal in Fish Feeds

  21. 1. Carnivorous fish – required fishmeal or other animal proteins in their diet. 2. Omnivorous fish – flexible for any diet. 3. Crustaceans – Most demanding of fishmeal Fishmeal in Fish Feeds – 3 Major species group

  22. Fishmeal in Fish Feeds – typical formula

  23. Changing is on the way .....

  24. Fish meal is always been treated as the best protein sources in China, However, supply of fish meal is limited and value is high. This pushed Chinese start thinking to change. Some start to look for other cheaper and good performance sources to reduce the cost. Some start to look for proper formula without reducing productivity. Changing – Why ?

  25. Feed Production 2005 2. Feed composition Substitutes Aquatic Farming 5. Industrialization 6. Farmers’ knowledge 7. Consumers 8. Government policy Changing…..

  26. Changing (1) – Production 2003/05 - Animal feed = 90-92% , Aqua feed = 8-10 % - Complete feed growing well in baby pig/cattle/aquaculture- Concentrate feed dropped quickly - Premix increased sharply .

  27. Premix - Allow small feed makers to purchase a whole group of micro nutrients rather than attempting to determine how much is available from the productivity of the system and the other ingredients. Small feed makers blend premix with fishmeal and vegetable protein by their formula. Premix increased sharply is a signal that cultivating industry is more industrialized. Changing (2) – Feed Composition

  28. Complete feed – growing well piglet High value fish Concentrated feed – slowing down due to numbers of individual farmers decreased. Changing (2) – Feed composition

  29. Research: Many trials of using animal protein to replace part of fish meal and found If the rate not over 50% in tilapia is very success. New dosage & Usage: 5-10% MBM in low value fish, pig Forecast: USA MBM annual production about 2.1 million tons, 20-30% for export. Once China re-open USA MBM, we estimate importing quantity will return to 200 – 250,000 tons a year. Changing (3) – SubstituteMeat and Bone Meal

  30. Nutritional studies - plants proteins supplemented with specific amino – acids could achieve the same production levels with fishmeal. Partial replacement of fishmeal with plant protein is already widely accepted in S. China. ASA in Beijing has done high SBM feed 80:20 in Tilapia and they found the averaged FCR 0.97:1 and the flavor of fish is no difference with those fed by fishmeal. Low fishmeal formula - suggested fishmeal/sbm ratio down from 2.1 to 1.3 plus amino-acid. fishmeal content lysine 4.56% (1.9 times SBM), methionine 1.6% (3.05 times SBM). Changing (3) – Substitute Plants protein + Amino-acid

  31. Aquatic farming has become the fastest-growing sector averaged over 10% . (24% FH 2005). Traditional faming of low-value fish and omnivorous species’ (like carp) fish meal dosage has been reduced or even removed (S.China) High-value , carnivorous species (shrimp, eel) production increased and dosage still remain unchanged. But when fish meal is expensive, SD fishmeal is replaced by FAQ. Changing (4) – Aquatic farmingincreased

  32. Small to Large-scare: Number of feed mills has decreased over the years. At present, China has about 10,000 feed mills. Annual production over 100k tons’ feed mills increased 20% last year. Traditional to Intensive operation:Semi/intensive operation has gradually superseded the traditional method of cultivation (given feed by hand). More farmers use automated feeding system with a consequent improvement in feed efficiency. Changing (5): Industrialization

  33. China feed industry has changed dramatically in the past decades. It’s expansion is not only in total volume but knowledge. Balance Diet :More Farmers learned it is important to feed a balanced diet that provides a proper mix of protein and other ingredients. Formulation:More farmers are changing from the use of essential fishmeal based diet to a current more diversified formulation structure based on protein’s price level. Formula becomes more flexible and eventually fishmeal will be used at only those low possibility to be replaced species such as eel/shrimp/high value fish. Changing (6) – Transfer of Knowledge

  34. Eating habit: switch from traditional pork meat, egg to more poultry(+3%), beef, dairy (+20%), fish (+10%) Income: New demand from urban people life improved. Urbanization: City population increasing which is the most important & long-term power in the future. China still has over 58% population are in rural area. (meat: 21.74 kg urban v 12.72 kg rural) Changing (7) – Consumers’ Eating Habit and Urban Population increased

  35. Ministry of Agriculture New Regulation – July 15 , 2005 (China License) : Histamine: 300/500/1000/1500 mg/kg 40 mg/kg (white fishmeal) Chrome (Cr): 8 mg/kg max Total Bacteria count : 2 x 106 Changing (8)- Government Policy

  36. China is short of protein and energy feed materials including fishmeal. This is a long term problem that China cant solve it in the short terms. Large % of farmers still feel fishmeal must be in the diet and feed should have a good fish smell in order for them to work. Over feeding, over nutrition causing water pollution, wasting feed, damaged environment is still a common problem. Aquaculture history is short in China. Improving aquatic technology is the critical issue. Problems -

  37. At present, cost of feed in farmed fish is about 60% high. Improving technology to reduce the cost via improve the feed performance with cheaper protein is future’s target. Different diets for various species/growth cycle: - Omnivorous fish : fish meal free formula - Carnivorous fish : lower fish meal formula - High value fish : remain unchanged Select a proper quality of fish meal and formula per species, fish size, age, eating habit …to feed. Future -

  38. Future – Fishmeal % in Animal Feeds

  39. Future – Fishmeal % in Aquatic feed

  40. Changing use fishmeal in both animal and fish feeds is the important objective for the future.  To produce a high performance, quality  feed containing lower levels of fishmeal  will be challenging.  My Comments -

  41. The rate of feed industry growth in China will continue grow at about 5% per year in coming 5 years. Fishmeal usage will gradually move toward to mainly in aquaculture and baby pig only. China will continue buying fishmeal and more high quality steam dried. My Comments -

  42. & Answer Question hk@ChinaFeedOnline.com

  43. Thank You !!

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