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Global Food Trade and Geopolitics

Global Food Trade and Geopolitics. Learning objectives. To explain why the growth in global agricultural trade has been limited. To describe the pattern of import and export trades. Starter. What words are missing in this definition of geopolitics?.

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Global Food Trade and Geopolitics

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  1. Global Food Trade and Geopolitics

  2. Learning objectives • To explain why the growth in global agricultural trade has been limited. • To describe the pattern of import and export trades.

  3. Starter What words are missing in this definition of geopolitics? Geopolitics is the way in which geography, demography, economics and the distribution of __________ interrelate with the politics of nations and the ___________ between nations. resources relationships Can you think of an example relating to food supply? Geopolitics may include wars, sanctions, trading blocs, and trade regulations and laws.

  4. Global trade • Worldwide trade in agricultural products has increased in the last 50 years. • However, it has not grown rapidly - only at the rate of global economic output. There are four key reasons for this…

  5. Barriers to trade • Read the information sheet and answer the following questions: Explain how the GATT contributed to the constraints of the global food trade. Why is import substitution disadvantageous to global trade? How did demand affect export trade?

  6. Growth of manufactured goods • Agriculture has grown modestly compared to manufacturing. • There has been a relative decline in the importance of agricultural exports. • The share of agricultural exports in total traded merchandise has declined dramatically, from 50% in the early 1960s to 6% by 2000.

  7. Learning objectives • To explain why the growth in global agricultural trade has been limited. • To describe the pattern of import and export trades.

  8. Trade balances • Least developed countries’ trade balance for agricultural products. Trade deficit: imports exceed exports Trade surplus: exports exceed imports

  9. Global pattern of food trade • Study Figure 6.7 in the text book (page 206). • What patterns can you see? Which regions are the main importers and exporters? • Agricultural trade remains an important source of export earnings for some developed countries, e.g. France, Australia, New Zealand and the USA. • Some developing countries still rely heavily on agricultural exports for their foreign earnings. Particularly countries in the tropics, South America and Africa. Sugar, coffee and bananas are important crops.

  10. Prep • We have indirectly looked at elements of geopolitics this lesson. • Read and makes notes on the geopolitics section in the textbook (page 210) and ‘the geopolitics of food’ on www.coolgeography.co.uk. • Answer the exam question. • “What is meant by the geopolitics of food?” (4 marks)

  11. Learning objectives • To explain why the growth in global agricultural trade has been limited. • To describe the pattern of import and export trades.

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