1 / 18

A History of Aviation

A History of Aviation. Notes. What is “Aviation?”. Aviation is… a field of study which includes not only flying, but all activities relating to airborne devices created by humans, generally known as aircraft. t he design, development, production, operation and use of aircraft.

kaili
Download Presentation

A History of Aviation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A History of Aviation Notes

  2. What is “Aviation?” • Aviation is… • a field of study which includes not only flying, but all activities relating to airborne devices created by humans, generally known as aircraft. • the design, development, production, operation and use of aircraft.

  3. Early Efforts of Flight • Around 400 BCE – China • The discovery of the kite that could fly in the air got humans thinking about flight. • Kites were first used by the Chinese in religious ceremonies. • Were later used to test weather conditions and in warfare as a way to scare enemies. • Were the forerunner to balloons and gliders.

  4. Early Efforts of Flight • Hero and the Aeolipile • The ancient Greek engineer Hero of Alexandria worked with steam and air pressure to create sources of power. • One experiment that he developed was the aeolipile. • Hero mounted a sphere on top of a water kettle. • A fire below turned the water to steam, which traveled up pipes to the sphere. • Two L-shaped tubes on opposite sides of the sphere allowed the steam to escape, which gave a thrust to the sphere that caused it to rotate.

  5. The first steam engine… the Aeolipile.

  6. Early Efforts of Flight • Leonardo da Vinci • Sketched the first ornithopterin 1488. • The first ornithopters capable of flight were built in France in 1858 – almost 400 years later.

  7. Lighter than Air Aircraft • The Hot Air Balloon • Designed by the Montgoflier brothers in 1783. • A duck, sheep and rooster first flew on June 5. • Had its first successful manned flight onNovember 21. • Could not be steered and could onlyfly downwind. • The first steerable hot air balloonwasn’t built until 1901 – over 100years later.

  8. The Launch of the First Hot Air Balloon – A Reconstruction

  9. Homework… • Read “The Invention of Lighter-than-air Craft” • Create a Bubble Map describing the facts surrounding the invention of the first hot air balloon and/or the use of balloons from their invention up to today.

  10. The Hot Air Balloon (continued) • In 1794, the French used a tethered balloon to observe the battlefield and direct attacks during the French Revolution. • In 1837, Canadian John Ray successfully launched a weight-carrying balloon.

  11. Heavier than Air Aircraft • George Cayley (1799-1850’s) designed the first gliders that used movements of the body to control. • A 10 year old boy was the first to fly one of his gliders. • For 50 years, he made improvements to his gliders. • He changed the shape of the wings so that air could flow over the wings correctly. • He designed a tail for the gliders to help with the stability. • Is considered to be the “Father of Modern Aviation.”

  12. Heavier than Air Aircraft • Otto Lilienthal • German engineer who studied aerodynamics, is the first person to make repeated successful gliding flights – over 2,500 flights. • In 1891, he built the first glider for long distance flights. • Wrote a book on aerodynamics that was used by the Wright Brothers as the basis for their designs.

  13. Heavier than Air Aircraft • Samuel P. Langley • In 1891, Samuel Langley realized power was needed to help man fly for long periods of time. • His model called the Aerodrome was steam-powered and flew 3/4s of a mile before running out of fuel. • Attempted to make the first piloted heavier-than-air aircraft. His models flew, but his first two attempts at piloted flight were not successful.

  14. 1903 – The Wright Brothers

  15. Homework… • Read “The Wright Flights” and “Wright Brothers’ Plane: How Did It Fly?” • Create a Bubble Map describing the facts surrounding the Wright Brothers and the events leading up to and following their famous first flight.

  16. Classwork… • Create a Double Bubble Map comparing and contrasting the Montgolfier Brothers and the Wright Brothers and their inventions. • This will serve as a template for two8-sentence paragraphs you will write comparing and contrasting the Montgolfier and Wright Brothers. • Please turn in (all stapled together): • Balloon (Montgolfier Brothers) Bubble Map • Airplane (Wright Brothers) Bubble Map • Double Bubble Map • 2 Paragraphs

More Related