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EARLY INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG DRUG FIRST OFFENDERS

EARLY INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG DRUG FIRST OFFENDERS. Structure of Carinthia. Southern federal state of Austria About 650.000 citizens Increasing number of young drug users Care facilities only for adults 1 prevention institution 1 st aim general prevention

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EARLY INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG DRUG FIRST OFFENDERS

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  1. EARLY INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG DRUG FIRST OFFENDERS

  2. Structure of Carinthia • Southern federal state of Austria • About 650.000 citizens • Increasing number of young drug users • Care facilities only for adults • 1 prevention institution 1st aim general prevention The need of development of selective prevention

  3. Difficulties / Facts • Young people in a rural environment are not mobile • Establishing care centers in small towns is expensive • Need of specific counselling for young people (regarding personal situation, peer-group, family, needs + demands) • Special law for drug using first offenders: „help instead of punishment“

  4. Special law for pupils (school director and school medical officer decide in cooperation with parents how to deal with the problem, no denunciation by judge) • Only probation service „Neustart“ is specialised single + group care mobile team appropriate infra-structure

  5. Project partners • Prevention unit of Carinthia (Governmental Organisation) • Department of Carinthian Government / Sub-Department Addiction • Neustart Carinthia (Private Organisation, probation service) • Center of Evaluation + Research / University of Klagenfurt Financing: Health Department of Carinthian Government

  6. What is „Way out“ • Offers counselling and care facilities for young people • Structured support over a short period of time

  7. The concept of „Way out“ • Young people charged by police or noticed at school school medical officer or public health officer • Special diagnosis form to work out a „risk-profile“ • More risk-factors than resources „Way out“ • Age 14 – 21 years • Counselling for single persons (approx. 15 meetings at 50 minutes) and groups (12 meetings at 2 hours) • Support over a period of 6 months • Meetings can be arranged near to place of residence

  8. General aims • Encouraging abstinent behaviour concerning illegal drugs • Controlled behaviour concerning legal substances and • avoidance of drug-related problems

  9. Specific aims • Increasing social competence • Imparting knowledge on health risks, development of addiction, effects of substances and legal situation • Reflection of personal consumption and grappling with norms and values of their peer-group • Developing personal strategies for solutions by integrating experienced and alternative strategies

  10. Testing different models of conflict management • Improving communicative abilities • Heightening the awareness of one‘s own resources • Supporting the ability to reach self-imposed aims

  11. Risk-profile indicators (pretended) • Environment: profession, family constellation, childrearing practices, consumer behaviour of family + friends • Personality: coping, self-esteem, psychological comorbidity, self-efficacy, comunicative competence, delinquency • Substance: beginning of abuse, consumer habits, alcohol abuse

  12. Most participation criteria - Indication • Incomplete families –Step-parent/-partner • Divorced parents • Death of one parent • Severe illness of one parent • Addiction or co-addiction in the family system

  13. Problematic debonding between mothers and daughters (mothers detach too early from their daughters) • Style of upbringing: • Laissez fair • Spoiled, overprotective • High pressure of expectations and pressure of performance by the parents

  14. Young people who are in the program • Most of them are continuously using one or more psychoactive substances: „leading drug“ cannabis „additional drug“ XTC • Age group 14-16: „trying consumption“ • Age group 17-18: „continuous drug use“ • Relationship male: female = 7 : 1 • Profession: apprentices, pupils, unemployed

  15. Care - Management • General procedure: - social worker gets into contact with clients - written invitation – several telephone calls - within 2 weeks date of 1st setting - 1st setting within 4 weeks - deciding if the client will be in the single or group session

  16. Work-base of single-session • Casework-method • Sometimes only a few sessions are needed • Sometimes they are sent to a more appropriate setting

  17. Group-session • Method of Theme-Centered-Interaction (TCI) according to Ruth Cohn • 2 social workers (male/female) • max. 12 group-settings • min. 10 group-settings are obligatory • group size 6–12 participants • max. 6 months • final examination including urine-testing

  18. Measures of quality management • 2 urine tests during care period • positive test results are reported to social workers • regular case-meetings between social-workers + physicians • documentation + evaluation

  19. Evaluation 1. Assessment (according to § 11+13 SMG) 2-4 weeks 2. First contact Client-social worker 3. First setting Decision single/group Evaluation: pre-testing with standardized psychological tests 6 months 4. care End of care 5. Evaluation: standardized psychological test 4 months later 6. Evaluation: retrospective interview

  20. Results of evaluation using standardized psychological tests • Increased drug-related attitudes towards - the danger of drug-abuse - reflected motivation • Slight changes towards a better ability for - problem solving - decision-making (less influence of peer-group) • About the need to take drugs (open questions) - no positive attitude to drug abuse any more - an increase in resistence to drug abuse

  21. Care-results – group settings

  22. Care-results – single setting

  23. Results of interviews with clients • Most of them would accept the program spontaneously • No more punishment because of drugs

  24. Effects of attending „Way out“ 2004 to 2006 • 2004: 85 clients left the program: • 74 finished the counselling/reached the achieved aims • 3 aborted the counselling process early • 8 others • 2005: 113 clients left the program: • 87 finished the counselling process/reached the achieved aims • 4 aborted the counselling process early • 22 others • 2006: 67 clients left the program: • 52 finished the counselling process/reached the achieved aims • 5 aborted the counselling process early • 10 others

  25. Experiences: • A program for youngsters needs clear structures • Constant communication between counsellors and the medical attendant is important • The project offers must be flexible, to fit the youngster‘s needs • Voluntary participation is not necessarily needed • A basis of trust between the counsellor and the client is very important

  26. The period of attendence (normally 6 months) needs to be extendable if crisis situations arise (e.g. sudden unemployment) • Many youngsters only needed 3 months of attendence • Occasionally police charges were filed again, but the patterns of cannabis consumption had changed (reflected usage) • Average time of care per client, including times for documentation and travel, approximately 21 hours

  27. Thank you foryour attention

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