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Vaccination for Contagious Diseases

Vaccination for Contagious Diseases. Preventing Disease Transmission During Vaccination. Adapted from the FAD PReP /NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination for Contagious Diseases (2011). Preventing Transmission. Any mass vaccination program has the potential to spread diseases

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Vaccination for Contagious Diseases

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  1. Vaccination for Contagious Diseases Preventing Disease Transmission During Vaccination Adapted from the FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination for Contagious Diseases (2011)

  2. Preventing Transmission FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Any mass vaccination program has the potential to spread diseases • Follow appropriate biosecurity measures • Equipment, clothing, hands, vehicles, or personnel

  3. Disease Transmission FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Pathogenic agents and disease can be spread by one of five main methods: • Oral • Aerosol • Direct contact • Fomites • Vectors

  4. Risk Management FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Personnel • Keep fingernails trimmed and clean • Pull back hair or cover hair • Do not wear jewelry • Wash hands or change gloves between animals

  5. Risk Management FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Personnel continued - • Wear outer protective clothing and change as appropriate • Clean boots before and after entering

  6. Risk Management FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Personnel continued - • Separate contaminated clothing • Do not wear protective clothing home • Shower in and out of large production units when possible

  7. Risk Management FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • General • Use disposable equipment • Use new, sterile needles • Contain refuse on site • Use smallest vaccine vial possible • Clean and disinfect multi-dose syringes

  8. Risk Management FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • General • Decontaminate reusable equipment • Submerging in disinfectant • Wiping the surface with disinfectant • Do not expose the vaccine in the syringe or needle to disinfectant • Follow farm decon procedures • Vehicles, equipment, PPE

  9. Vaccination Strategies During An Outbreak FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention

  10. Vaccination Strategies FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Various vaccination strategies may be employed based on the following factors: • Scope of the outbreak • Population at risk • Chosen objectives • Geographic considerations • Nature of disease and vaccine efficacy • Trade restrictions • Resource availability

  11. Vaccination Strategies FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Suppressive vaccination • Decrease probability of infection • Reduce shedding from infected animals • Targeted vaccination • Specific populations or areas • Ring and Barrier Strategies

  12. No Vaccination FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention • Vaccination may be inappropriate • Trade issues • Vaccinated animals cannot be distinguished from naturally infected animals • If DIVA vaccines are not available DIVA = Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals OR Detection of Infection in Vaccinated Animals

  13. Conclusion FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination of Contagious Disease- Prevention Proper vaccine handling and storage, correct administration protocols, appropriate animal handling methods and applicable biosecurity procedures are crucial to success

  14. For More Information FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination for Contagious Diseases: Overview • FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines & SOP: Vaccination for Contagious Diseases (2011) • http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_management/ • Vaccination for Contagious Diseases web-base training module • http://naherc.sws.iastate.edu/

  15. Guidelines Content FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Vaccination for Contagious Diseases: Overview Authors (CFSPH) Jim Roth, DVM, PhD, DACVM Amber Stumbaugh, MS Anna Rovid-Spickler, DVM, PhD DanelleBickett-Weddle, DVM, MPH, PhD, DACVPM Reviewers (USDA) Patricia Foley, DVM, PhD R. Alex Thompson, DVM, PhD

  16. Acknowledgments Development of this presentation was by the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University through funding from the USDA APHIS Veterinary Services PPT Author: Patricia Futoma, Veterinary Student, Iowa State University Reviewers: Cheryl L. Eia, JD, DVM, MPH; Janice Mogan, DVM

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