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Chapter 13

Chapter 13. Writing a Research Proposal. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES - STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:. Identify the components/sections of a typical research proposal. List the guidelines advocated by the APA (2001) regarding proposal preparation.

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Writing a Research Proposal

  2. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES - STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO: • Identify the components/sections of a typical research proposal. • List the guidelines advocated by the APA (2001) regarding proposal preparation. • List the ten most pressing criticisms of research articles as discussed in the text. • Apply the criteria for judging a research study.

  3. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES - STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO: • Demonstrate how to list activities and estimate the time involved in each when writing a research proposal. • Discuss how to select a dependent variable. • Discuss how to review a test using the outline provided in the text. • Discuss considerations in selecting a sample.

  4. CHAPTER OVERVIEW • The Format of a Research Proposal • Evaluating the Studies You Read • Planning the Actual Research • Reviewing a Test • Selecting a Sample

  5. THE FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

  6. THE FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PROPOSAL • Introduction • A (brief) review of the relevant literature • Method • Proposed analysis of the data • Implications and limitations • Appendices

  7. INTRODUCTION • The problem statement • A rationale for the research • Statement of the research objectives • Hypothesis • Definition of terms • Summary

  8. LITERATURE REVIEW • The importance of the question asked • The current status of the topic • The relationship between the literature and problem statement • Summary

  9. METHOD • Participants • Research design • Data collection plans • Operational definitions • Reliability and validity of instruments • Results of pilot studies • Proposed analysis of data • Results of data

  10. IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS

  11. APPENDICES • Copies of instruments that will be used • Results of pilot studies • IRB application and letter of approval • Participant approval form • Timeline • Actual data

  12. NEATNESS • Follow APA guidelines • http://www.apastyle.org

  13. EVALUATING THE STUDIES YOU READ

  14. EVALUATING THE STUDIES YOU READ • Understand the literature you read • Critically evaluate the studies you read

  15. CRITERIA FOR JUDGING A RESEARCH STUDY • The review of previous research • The problem and the purpose • The hypothesis • The method • The sample • Results and discussion • References • General comments about the report

  16. PLANNING THE ACTUAL RESEARCH

  17. PLANNING THE ACTUAL RESEARCH • What activities must be completed? • How much time will it take to complete each step?

  18. SELECTING A DEPENDENT VARIABLE • Try to use proven measures • Ensure that the measure is valid • Ensure that the measure is reliable • Consider what training you might need in order to use the measure • Be sure the test is available to you • If norms are needed, be sure they are available • Obtain the most recent version of the test • Be sure that the test is appropriate for the age group you intend to sample • Read any reviews of the test that are available

  19. REVIEWING A TEST

  20. REVIEWING A TEST • If you use a test to measure the dependent variable • Review and evaluate the test on these criteria • Basic information • General test information • Design and appearance • Reliability • Validity • Norms • Evaluation

  21. SELECTING A SAMPLE

  22. SELECTING A SAMPLE • Others may also be seeking participants • Think about whether group membership poses a problem • Know exactly how you intend to approach your participants • Clearly identify the population from which you intend to sample • The size of your sample depends on the type of research you are doing • Consider both validity and reliability • Consider how much money you can spend • The number of variables and groups you study affects required sample size

  23. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS • Have you: • Developed a data collection form? • Specified appropriate descriptive statistics for your data? • Identified what other demographic information you will need? • Collected and analyzed pilot data?

  24. SELECTING AN INFERENTIAL STATISTIC • Using a flow chart like Figure 8.3 can be useful for common analyses • But there is no substitute for a good statistics course

  25. PROTECTING HUMAN SUBJECTS • Institutional Review Board (IRB) • Informed consent

  26. HAVE WE MET THE OBJECTIVES? CAN YOU: • Identify the components/sections of a typical research proposal? • List the guidelines advocated by the APA (2001) regarding proposal preparation? • List the most pressing criticisms of research articles? • Apply the criteria for judging a research study?

  27. HAVE WE MET THE OBJECTIVES? CAN YOU: • Demonstrate how to list activities and estimate the time involved in each when writing a research proposal? • Discuss how to select a dependent variable? • Discuss how to review a test using the outline provided in the text? • Discuss considerations in selecting a sample?

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