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Carbon-Based Molecules in Life

Discover the essential role of carbon-based molecules in living organisms, from carbohydrates for energy to nucleic acids storing genetic information. Learn about monomers, polymers, lipids, proteins, and the building blocks of life.

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Carbon-Based Molecules in Life

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  1. KEY CONCEPTCarbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.

  2. Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small subunits bonded together. • Monomers are the individual subunits. • Polymers are made of many monomers.

  3. Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in living things. • #1 = Carbohydrates are made of C, H, O…used for energy in cells….can be mono, di-, or polysaccharides.

  4. Triglyceride • #2 = Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol----made of C, H, O that make up cell membranes and are used for energy • Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids. • Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol.

  5. #3 = Proteins are made of amino acids, are made of C, H, O, N….are enzymes that run all chemical rxns, are muscle, hair, nails

  6. DNA RNA • #4 = Nucleic acids are made of C, H, O, N, P • DNA stores genetic information. • Types: DNA, RNA • RNA builds proteins.

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