KEY CONCEPT Cells are the Basic unit of life.

1. KEY CONCEPT Cells are the Basic unit of life.

2. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.

3. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Many scientists contributed to the cell theory. • More was learned about cells as microscopes improved.

4. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Many scientists contributed to the cell theory. • More was learned about cells as microscopes improved. • The cell theory is a unifying concept of biology.

5. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory. • The Cell theory has three principles. • All organisms are made of cells.

6. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory. • The Cell theory has three principles. • All organisms are made of cells. • All existing cells are produced by other living cells.

7. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory. • The Cell theory has three principles. • All organisms are made of cells. • All existing cells are produced by other living cells. • The cell is the most basic unit of life.

8. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells. • All cells share certain characteristics.

9. Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) • Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells. • All cells share certain characteristics. • Cells tend to be microscopic.

10. cell membrane Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) • Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells. • All cells share certain characteristics. • Cells tend to be microscopic. • All cells are enclosed by a membrane.

11. cell membrane cytoplasm Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) • Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells. • All cells share certain characteristics. • Cells tend to be microscopic. • All cells are enclosed by a membrane. • All cells are filled with cytoplasm.

12. There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.

13. nucleus cell membrane • There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

14. nucleus organelles cell membrane • There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. • Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. • Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane- bound organelles.

15. nucleus organelles cell membrane • There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. • Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.

16. nucleus organelles cell membrane cytoplasm • There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. • Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. • Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles.

17. KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

18. Cells have an internal structure.

19. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions.

20. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell

21. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles

22. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength

23. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength • assists in cell division

24. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength • assists in cell division • aids in cell movement

25. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.

26. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information.

27. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.

28. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

29. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. • rough endoplasmic reticulum

30. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. • rough endoplasmic reticulum • smooth endoplasmic reticulum

31. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)

32. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

33. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. • Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials.

34. Other organelles have various functions.

35. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.

36. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.

37. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.

38. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.

39. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. • Centrioles help divide DNA.

40. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. • Centrioles help divide DNA. • Centrioles form cilia and flagella.

41. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

42. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. • A cell wall provides rigid support.

43. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. • A cell wall provides rigid support. • Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy.

44. KEY CONCEPT The cell membrane is a barrier that separates a cell from the external environment.

45. Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers.

46. cell membrane • Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions.

47. cell membrane • Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions. • forms a boundary between inside and outside of the cell outside cell inside cell

48. cell membrane • Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions. • forms a boundary between inside and outside of the cell • controls passage of materials outside cell inside cell

49. Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers.

50. cell membrane • Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer.