CGIA Geospatial Imaging . Image Processing . Feature Extraction . Visualization .

1. CGIA Geospatial Imaging. Image Processing . Feature Extraction . Visualization . Frank Obusek Program Manager frank.obusek@ncmail.net

2. Geospatial Imaging • Remotely sensed image data acquired from airborne and earth-orbiting acquisition systems are a source for much of the geographic information the GIS community uses today.  Expertise and tools to generate the data have previously not existed within North Carolina state government.  The Center for Geographic Information and Analysis has established Geospatial Imaging services that provides expertise to state and local government agencies that depend on up-to-date geographic information to meet their GIS needs. • (use with animated sequence of images, filename: intro_anima.gif)

3. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging • CGIA's Geospatial Imaging:Supporting North Carolina State and Local Government Agencies with services and expertise in the application of remotely sensed image data. • Image Processing: Processing and manipulating image data into GIS-ready formats ready for feature extraction • Feature Extraction: Converting geospatial features from airborne and space-based imagery into usable GIS layers • Visualization: Visualizing multiple data layers of image and GIS data in one environment • The NC Center for Geographic Information & Analysis, a receipt-funded program in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)(LINK TO DENR SITE) is the lead organization in state government for geographic information systems (GIS). Through a NASA funded research grant, CGIA has developed the expertise and operational capacity to obtain and use remotely sensed data and image processing technology to help support the operational requirements of state and local government agencies in North Carolina. 

4. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging • Remotely sensed image data provides a timely cost-effective resource to derive GIS data • Defining methods to extract GIS information for multiple applications • Helps support the daily operational programs of state and local government agencies . I m a g e P r o c e s s i n g. F e a t u r e E x t r a c t i o n .V i s u a l i z a t i o n .

5. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging Services • Image Processing • Feature Extraction • Visualization . I m a g e P r o c e s s i n g . F e a t u r e E x t r a c t i o n . V i s u a l i z a t i o n .

6. Image Processing • Image processing involves the processing and manipulation of aerial photography and satellite imagery into GIS-ready image formats.  To accurately derive geospatial information from image data, it is critical that imagery be properly registered, enhanced and prepared.

7. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging Image Processing Services • Format Conversion • Geo-registration • Orthorectification • Image Reprojection • Image Enhancement • Image Mosaics & Clipping • Stereo Model Creation . I m a g e P r o c e s s i n g .

8. Feature Extraction • Features visible in aerial photography and satellite imagery provides a valuable source of GIS data.  Users are able to take advantage of the increased availability of higher-resolution imagery to extract useful information. However, extracting impervious surface or land cover data using traditional pixel-based classifiers poses challenges.  Feature extraction tools that incorporate image texture and spatial context classifiers better permit the conversion of these features into a GIS environment.

9. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging Feature Extraction Services • Man-made features • Natural features • Landcover • Change Detection . F e a t u r e E x t r a c t i o n .

10. 2.) Feature Extraction 1.) GIS-ready Image Data 3.) GIS Layers Semi-automated Feature Extraction: Uses Spatial Context, Image Texture, Multiple layers of data, Existing GIS layers CountyOrthorectified Aerial Photography Impervious Surfaces, Landcover Tree Type, Urban Green Space, etc Geospatial Imaging Workflow

11. Visualization • Visualization is a powerful rendering capability to interpret geospatial relationships between objects and features extracted from imagery.  Multiple layers of data can be viewed at once.  Desktop visualization can make time in the field more efficient. 

12. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging Visualization Services • Perspective views • Fly-throughs • Scenario Modeling • Veiwshed Analysis • Disaster Planning . V i s u a l i z a t i o n .

13. Technical Support • Technical Support Services offers a resource of expertise to state and local government agencies interested in the utility and  benefit of remotely sensed data products. Outreach is a key component of CGIA’s future design of image-derived geospatial products and the campaign to assist NC state and local government agencies in the education to use image-derived geospatial products.

14. CGIA’s Geospatial Imaging Technical Support Services • Workshops • Project Support • Software Support • Applications Research • Project Development . S u p p o r t .

15. Geospatial Imaging Applications & Demonstrations

16. 2.) Feature Extraction 1.) GIS-ready Image Data 3.) GIS Layers Semi-automated Feature Extraction: Uses Spatial Context, Image Texture, Multiple layers of data, Existing GIS layers CountyOrthorectified Aerial Photography Impervious Surfaces, Landcover Tree Type, Urban Green Space, etc Geospatial Imaging Workflow

17. Stormwater Billing: Impervious surface area per parcel

18. Updating Impervious Surface Data A. B. 2004 Aerial Photography 2002 Impervious D. C. 2004 Impervious Update 2004 Impervious using 2002 Mask Figure demonstrates the successful application of using image masking to update existing impervious surface data. The example shown here is of the Mallard Creek East annex north of Charlotte, NC. A.) Impervious surface data (yellow polygons) was generated from 30 cm resolution true color aerial photography. B.) New 2004 aerial photography was flown with 15 cm resolution. Compared to the 2002 impervious surface data, the imagery clearly shows the development of new homes. C.) Using the existing impervious surface data from 2002 as an image mask, the feature extraction method is focusing on only the new developed areas visible in the image. The orange polygon data, along side the yellow polygon data, show the new impervious surface to be added to the existing impervious surface data layer. D.) Combing the 2004 impervious surface data with the 2002 results in an updated data set that can be immediately implemented into storm water billing structure.

19. NPDES Phase II Stormwater • Benefit from accurate impervious surface data in developing SW management plans • Feature Extraction saves time and costs • Updating impervious surface data becomes easier once it is collected

20. Landcover Feature Extraction Output GIS Data Input Data New Bern, NC Landcover Data Using 1998 NC DOQQ color-infrared orthorectified aerial photography

21. Pine Hardwood Tree Type Delineation Output GIS Data Input Data Hardwood – leaf off features Hardwood – leaf off features Pine – polygons Pine – leaf on features Using Orange County 2003 true color orthorectified aerial photography

22. Urban Green Space Urban Green Space Delineation Output GIS Data Input Data Downtown Charlotte, NC Using Mecklenburg County 2002 true color orthorectified aerial photography

23. Developing Areas Mapping Development: GIS Update Revisit Output GIS Data Input Data Using Mecklenburg County 2002 true color orthorectified aerial photography

24. Contact Information • Contact InformationCGIA's RSP is headquartered in the DENR Asheville Regional Office and operates under normal business hours 8 AM to 5 PM eastern standard time.  Direct contact can be made using the information below.   For information, please contact RSP Manager Frank Obusek:Telephone:: (828) 296-4605FAX: (828) 299-7043 Postal address:2090 US Highway 70, Asheville, NC 28778 Electronic mail: Frank.Obusek@ncmail.net