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Persuasion & Reasoning

Persuasion & Reasoning. Chapter 18. Logos . The logical arrangement of evidence in a speech. Ethos. Refers to the speaker’s credibility. Pathos. Refers to the emotional appeals made by a speaker. Effective Use of Evidence. Use of specific evidence Novel information Credible sources.

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Persuasion & Reasoning

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  1. Persuasion& Reasoning Chapter 18

  2. Logos • The logical arrangement of evidence in a speech

  3. Ethos • Refers to the speaker’s credibility

  4. Pathos • Refers to the emotional appeals made by a speaker

  5. Effective Use of Evidence • Use of specific evidence • Novel information • Credible sources Persuasive Speech – use of evidence by Jessica Fuller (partial: 12 sec.) Click image to play video; “alt” & “enter” keys for full screen. Windows Media Player required

  6. Credibility • In research: the potential bias of a source • In reasoning: the trustworthiness of the source

  7. Using Credible Sources Persuasively • Provide enough information about source so audience can assess credibility • Select sources audience will see as trustworthy & fair

  8. Credibility • Comes from audience’s perception of speaker’s competence & character Check Web Link 18.1: Credible Internet Sites at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

  9. Competence • Audience’s view of speaker’s intelligence, expertise, & knowledge of a subject

  10. Character • Audience’s view of speaker’s sincerity, trustworthiness & concern for the well-being of the audience

  11. Types of Credibility • Initial credibility • Derived credibility • Terminal credibility

  12. Enhancing Your Credibility • Explain your competence as you begin your speech • Establish common ground with audience • Deliver speech fluently, with expression & conviction

  13. Appeals to Emotions to: • Gain attention & motivate listening • Reinforce points • Express personal commitment • Call to action or conclude memorably

  14. Effective Use of Emotional Appeals • Stay audience centered • Use vivid language • Balance emotion & reason

  15. Errors Using Emotional Appeals • Overly graphic or violent appeals • Overly frightening or threatening appeals • Overly manipulative appeals

  16. Mythos • Interrelated set of beliefs, attitudes, values & feelings held by members of a particular society or culture

  17. Fallacy • An argument that seems valid but is flawed because of unsound evidence or reasoning Complete Interactive Activity 18.1: Identifying Fallacies at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

  18. Types of Fallacies • Ad Hominem • Bandwagon • Either-Or • Red Herring • Slippery Slope

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