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Advanced Biomass-based Combined Heat and Power System

Advanced Biomass-based Combined Heat and Power System. Combined Heat & Power in the Pacific Northwest October 15, 2002 Nathan E. Carpenter Manager, Energy Boise. Presentation Outline. Forest Industry Energy Overview Typical Forest Industry CHP Application Proposed Next Generation Systems

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Advanced Biomass-based Combined Heat and Power System

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  1. Advanced Biomass-based Combined Heat and Power System Combined Heat & Power in the Pacific Northwest October 15, 2002 Nathan E. Carpenter Manager, Energy Boise

  2. Presentation Outline • Forest Industry Energy Overview • Typical Forest Industry CHP Application • Proposed Next Generation Systems • Technology Gaps • Policy Issues • Summary

  3. Forest Industry Energy Overview • Ranked third in overall energy intensity • Main users are the integrated pulp & paper facilities • Industry 54% self-sufficient, mainly due to biomass • ~65% of thermal needs generated internally • ~25% of electrical needs generated internally

  4. Natural Gas BFW Steam to Mill Air Bark &Solids Typical Forest Industry CHP System • Conventional stoker fired combination fuel boiler • High pressure topping cycle using back-pressure steam turbine-generator with low pressure exhaust to process heat loads • Natural gas used strategically to increase reliability and stabilize combustion • Fuel to electricity efficiency 62-73%(cogeneration mode with some natural gas firing) • Capital $1500 to $2000 / kw To Flue Gas Cleanup SteamTurbine Stoker Boiler Ash & Char

  5. “Traditional” IGCC Approach to Biomass-based Power Generation • High pressure (15-25 ATM) biomass feeders, gasifier, ash and fines removal, and hot gas cleanup system • Low caloric value gas turbine topping cycle and steam turbine bottoming cycle • Fuel to electricity efficiency 35-40% • Capital $1500 to $2500 / kW • NOx emissions over 150 ppm Bark & Sludge Hot fuel gas High PressureHot Gas Cleanup High Pressure Feed System High PressureFly AshRemoval HighPressureGasifier Clean Fuel Gas Fly Ash High PressureCombustor Air Air toGasifier Gas Turbine High PressureAshRemoval Water Air Ash Steam Heat Recovery Steam Generator Steam Turbine Flue gas Condenser

  6. Natural Gas BFW High PressureCombustor Steam to Mill Air Natural Gas (Backup) Bark &Solids “Evolutionary” Approach to Biomass-based Power Generation (Backup) • H2-rich syngas increases wood waste utilization and boiler capacity • Low pressure biomass feeders, gasifier, and ash systems • System uses existing flue gas cleanup system • Gas turbine topping cycle only-using HP heated air as working fluid • Natural gas used strategically to increase reliability and increase power generation efficiency • Fuel to electricity efficiency 65-73% (cogeneration mode) • Capital $1000 to $1500 / kW • NOx emissions below 60 ppm 2200 F 1800 F To Existing Flue Gas Cleanup Gas Turbine Syngas Existing Stoker Gasifier Ash & Char Ash

  7. Utilizes existing infrastructure Increased biomass usage for electricity generation Increased biomass usage for steam generation Improves boiler performance Improved load following Increased efficiency Higher carbon burnout Increased steam capacity Reduced electricity costs Reduced emission Natural Gas BFW High PressureCombustor Steam to Mill Air Natural Gas (Backup) Bark &Solids Benefits and Features of Advanced Biomass-based Power Generation (Backup) 2200 F 1800 F To Existing Flue Gas Cleanup Gas Turbine Syngas Existing Stoker Gasifier Ash & Char Ash

  8. Natural Gas BFW High PressureCombustor Steam to Mill Air Natural Gas (Backup) Bark &Solids Technology Gaps (Backup) • Materials for HPHT Air Heater • Gas Turbine System for HPHT Air • Utilization of Hot Air Generation • System Integration 2200 F 1800 F To Existing Flue Gas Cleanup Gas Turbine Syngas Existing Stoker Gasifier Ash & Char Ash

  9. Policy Issues • Permitting hurdles • Recognition of societal benefits • Technical support • Financial incentives

  10. Summary • Forest products facilities are excellent host sites for distributed, combined heat and power projects • Renewable energy based • Additional societal benefits • Regional synergies • Need financial incentives and technical support

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