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PC MAINTANENCE CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS.

PC MAINTANENCE CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS. OBJECTIVES: 1.1 Intro to Computer Component • Input • Processing • Output • Input and Output 1.2 The types of computer system 1.3 Identifying Computer Components 1.4 Maintenance Tools. 1.1 - INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENT.

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PC MAINTANENCE CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS.

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  1. PC MAINTANENCECHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS. OBJECTIVES: 1.1 Intro to Computer Component • Input • Processing • Output • Input and Output 1.2 The types of computer system 1.3 Identifying Computer Components 1.4 Maintenance Tools

  2. 1.1 - INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENT A computersystem has three main components: • Hardware • The computer itself—and its associated equipment • Software • The instructions that tell a computer what to do. (program). • People • Programmer, user

  3. A computer system consists of 4 main areas of data handling :- • Input • Processing • Output • Storage

  4. Input devices • Take data in machine-readable form and send it to the processing unit. • The input device : keyboard, mouse, scanners • The processor (CPU) • manipulate input into the information wanted. • executes computer instructions. • Output devices • make the processed data available for use. (information) • Output -a screen monitor (softcopy) and a printer (hardcopy). • Storage usually (secondary storage) • Storage devices : diskettes, hardisk.

  5. PROCESSING CU ALU INPUT OUTPUT STORAGE (Primary:Register) STORAGE (Primary:Main Memory) Computer Architecture STORAGE (secondary)

  6. 1. Input • Input is the data raw facts you put into the computer system for processing. • Data entry can be in writing, speaking, pointing, or even by just looking at the data. • Some example of the input devices are: • keyboard. • mouse. • Scanners • Joystick • Bar code reader • Floppy / CD / USB drive.

  7. 2. Processing • responsible for transforming raw data into processed information. • CPU unit interpret and execute program instructions (ALU), as well as communicate with the input, output, and storage devices (CU). • Some example of the processor are: • Intel Pentium and Celeron series • AMD Athlon and Duron series • IBM Cyrix series

  8. 3. Output • Output is raw data processed into usable information. • Two common output devices are screens (softcopy) and printers (hardcopy). • For both softcopy and hardcopy, the output can be categorized into either text documents, graphic or multimedia output. • Some example of the output devices are: • printer • monitor. • plotter • speaker

  9. 4. Storage • 2 types : primary and secondary • Primary storage • store data temporarily until the data has been processed and been sent to output device or secondary storage. • Examples : Register (reside in CPU) and Main Memory (outside of CPU; RAM) • volatile. • The speed of this storage is faster than secondary storage. • Secondary storage • additional storage separate from memory. • Slow than primary storage but has a large capacity than primary storage. • non-volatile. • Examples : magnetic disk (hard disk, diskettes) optical disk (CDs, DVDs) and magnetic tape (Cassettes).

  10. 1.2 – THE TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEM • Computer are categorized based on differences in size, speed, processing capabilities, and price. • The 6 major categories of computers are • Personal computers • Handheld computers • Internet appliances • Mid-range servers • Mainframes • Supercomputers

  11. Personal Computer 1. Desktop (Tower model, All in one, Workstations) • Designed fit entirely on or under a desk or table. (not portable) • Notebook • portable personal computer small enough fit on user lap.

  12. Handheld computers • PDA (personal digital assistant) • Internet appliances • a computer with limited functionality. • The purpose is to connect to the Internet.

  13. Mid-range servers • more powerful and larger than a workstation computer • Mainframes • a large, expensive, very powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously. • Supercomputers • the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive category of computer.

  14. 1.3 – INDENTIFYING COMPUTER COMPONENTS • casing • motherboard • processor • power supply • memory module/RAM • Drive - hard disk drive • floppy drive • CD drive • IDE and FDC cable • Interface card - video/display card • sound card • Peripherals (external) - keyboard, mouse, speaker, printer, microphone and monitor.

  15. External (outside from computer casing) = pheriperals • monitor - now with flat and LCD screen. • Keyboard - cordless or traditional • chassis - contains central processing unit (CPU) • mouse - also available as cordless, IR or traditional • USB (Universal Serial Bus) Hubs/ports - hot swappable • Printer • Floppy disk drive

  16. Internal (install inside computer casing) • Hardisk • Motherboard – the main circuit of the computer system. • CPU • Expansion slots - to add cards for various devices, including memory chips • Power Supply - connection to electrical power for system. • Clock - battery powered, keeps track of date and time • Cables - to connect floppy drives, hard drives, and other devices. • Network card • graphics card • video card • RAM chips • Cooling fan(s) – for CPU. Failure to cool may result in the destruction of your hard drive.

  17. 1.4 – MAINTENANCE TOOLS • Hardware toolkits – To open up a computer • ESD toolkits - (Electrostatic Discharge) • Spare parts – save technician’s time.

  18. Hardware Toolkits • Phillip Screwdrivers: to open up most of the screws in pc. • Flat Blade Screwdriver: to open up some of the screws in pc. • Needle-Nose Pliers: These are useful for grasping small items and for removing and replacing jumpers on circuit boards. • Wire Snips: A pair of wire snips for cutting wire and stripping insulation.

  19. Hardware Toolkits (continue) • A Small Flashlight: Very useful; the insides of PC boxes are quite dark. • Tweezers: Or even better, a part retriever. A retriever is like a tiny set of retractable claws with a spring-loaded handle. • A Large Crowbar: For making adjustments to stubborn hardware.

  20. Hardware Toolkits (continue) • A Roll of Black Electrical Tape: Used for wrapping wire ends and insulating components. • A Can of Compressed Air: Very handy for cleaning things hands-free and without using any hazardous liquids. • A Soft, Lint-Free Cloth: For cleaning the monitor and other components. • Cable tied: to dressing up the cables inside the computer.

  21. Electrostatic Discharge Tools • help user not to accidentally damage the computer components with a static discharge. • ESD Wrist Strap: This is more of a safety device than a tool; it is used to greatly reduce the chances of static damage to components. • ESD mats: the technician have to step on it while doing the maintenance process. • ESD bag: use to pack the components before moving it to another place.

  22. Spare parts • Screws • Expansion Card Inserts • Drive Faceplates • Mounting Kits • Cables • Keyboard, Mouse, 3.5" Floppy Drive

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