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Lead Poisoning in Children: Decreasing Childhood Blood Levels in the Community

Lead Poisoning in Children: Decreasing Childhood Blood Levels in the Community. by Pamela C. Ba Ph.D. Student at Walden University. www.webelements.co... Introduction Topics of Discussion. Purpose of this presentation Definition of Lead (Pb) Sources of lead Lead Poisoning, Acute

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Lead Poisoning in Children: Decreasing Childhood Blood Levels in the Community

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  1. Lead Poisoning in Children: Decreasing Childhood Blood Levels in the Community by Pamela C. Ba Ph.D. Student at Walden University

  2. www.webelements.co...IntroductionTopics of Discussion • Purpose of this presentation • Definition of Lead (Pb) • Sources of lead • Lead Poisoning, Acute • Lead Poisoning, Chronic • Blood Levels of children in Michigan • Prevention and removal of lead-based paint • Learning Goals • Policies, Funding Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's need, but not every man's greed." - Mohandas K. Gandhi quoted in EF Schumacher, Small is Beautiful.

  3. Purpose of This Paper www.saburchill.com • Comprehensive explanation of lead poisoning • Significance of lead poisoning • Inform the community • Removal of lead-based paint • Preventive Measures www.saskschools.ca

  4. Definition of Lead (Pb) • Bluish-gray metal • Heavy, ductile, soft solid • A metallic element Insoluble in water • Soluble in dilute nitric acid • Atomic weight 207.2 • Atomic number 82 • Specific gravity 11.35 • www.infomine.com

  5. Sources of Lead www.investinchildren.us • Drinking water • Dust • Contaminated soil • Cosmetics • Batteries • Ammunition • Metal Products • Lead-based paints • Ceramic products • Caulking • Pipe Solder Environmentally friendly cars will soon cease to be an option...they will be necessary”- Fujio Cho, President of Toyota Motors, North American International Auto Show, 2004

  6. Acute Lead Poisoning • Abdominal pain • Encephalopathy • Headache • Confusion • Renal failure • Convulsions

  7. Chronic Lead Poisoning Behavioral changes, Nephritis Peripheral neuropathy (Lewis 1997; World Health Organization [WHO]1995). www.envirotechserv.

  8. Michigan Children Confirmed As Lead Poisoned • Children aged 0 through 6 • A lead level of 10 micrograms/deciliter (µg1dL) is considered to be diagnostic of lead poisoning www.epa.gov

  9. Michigan Children Confirmed as Lead Poisoned-continued- Actions Taken For Elevated Blood Lead Levels • 10 -19 µg/dL – Referrals • 20 µg/dL and over – Medical management • 45 µg/dL and over - Hospitalization • 70 µg/dL or more - Medical emergencies www.investinchildren.us www.ilovemybaby.org www.cityofberkeley.

  10. Preventive MeasuresLead-based paint www.reviewscout.co... • Collect paint chips, dust, dirt, rubble • Store larger lead-based paint (LBP) • Use a covered mobile dumpster • Contact local solid waste authorities www.rivcoph.org

  11. Michigan Department of Community Health / Childhood Lead Poisoning PreventionStatewide Lead Testing/Lead Screening Plan • Battle Creek • Grand Rapids • Lansing • Benton Harbor • Hamtramck • Muskegon/Muskegon Hts • Dearborn • Highland Park • Pontiac • Detroit • Jackson • Saginaw • Flint • Kalamazoo

  12. Genesee County Health DepartmentChildhood Lead Poison Prevention Program • Lead Poisoning is invisible • Get tested – Call (810) 257-3833 • Take Lead Questionnaire • Fix meals high in iron and calcium • Eat liver, beef, spinach, greens, etc. • Get home tested • Clean, Clean, Clean • Stellar Program

  13. www.thejcdp.com Funding Opportunities for Lead Hazard Control • Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) • Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) • Department of Human Services (DHS) • Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA)

  14. Key Learning Goals • Wash toddler’s hands • Repair peeling and chipping paint • See a physician • Community resources • National Hotline markgreensteinreal

  15. Policy Resources losangelesliabilityattorneys.co www.finkandplatz.co • Overcoming Barriers to Data-Sharing Related to the HIPAA Privacy Rule • A Guide for State and Local Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Programs • EPA Renovation, Repair and Painting Program Rule (RRP) • Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD) Lead Safe Housing Rule

  16. Conclusion • Thank you very much.

  17. References Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry. (2009). Toxic substances portal: Lead. Retrieved June 2, 2009 from http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=22 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . (2005). Alliance for Health Homes. Protecting Children from Lead and other Environmental Hazards. Overcoming Barriers to Data-Sharing Related to the HIPPAAA Privacy Rule. A guide for State and Local Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Programs. Retrieved July 15, 2009 from http://www.cdc/nceh/lead/ Davis, F.A., (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary (18th ed.). Philadelphia: Davis Company Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), (2008). Indoor Air Quality. An introduction to indoor air quality. Retrieved July 13, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/iag/lead.html Genesee County Health Department. (2009). Childhood Lead Poison Prevention Program. Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.gchd.us/Services/CommunityHealth/LeadPoisoning/ Genesee County Health Department. (2009). Lead Poisoning is Invisible. Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.gchd.us/Library/lead_poisoning_is_invisible.asp Health Line (2007). Poison Control, or a local emergency number. Retrieved July 14, 2009 from http://www.healthline.com/adamcontent/lead-poisoning/2 Image Results for Pictures of Lead Poisoning. (n.d.) Retrieved July 10, 2009 from http://im ages.google.com/images?sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4RNWN_enUS274US286&q=pictures+of+lead+poisoning&um= • 1&ie=UTF-8&ei=YTtjSpziGaWvtgfYk_z0Dw&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=1 Lanphear BP, Hornung R, Ho M, Howard CR, Eberle S, Knauf K. 2002. Environmental lead exposure during early childhood. J Pædiatr 140:40-47. • Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html Lewis R.L. (1997). Metals. In: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2nd ed. (LaDou J, ed). Stamford, CT:Appleton and Lange, • 405-439. Retrieved July 12, 2009 from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html

  18. References-continued- Lidsky TI, Schneider JS. 2003. Lead neurotoxicity in children: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain 126:5-19. Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html Meyer PA, McGeehin MA, Falk H. 2003b. A global approach to childhood lead poisoning prevention. Int J Hyg Environ Health 206:363-369. Retrieved July 12, 2009 from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH). 2007. Children with elevated blood lead level. Retrieved July 10 from http://michigan.gov/documents/mdch/1129_02_01_07_186280_7.pdf Michigan Department of Community Health / Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Statewide Lead Testing/Lead Screening Plan. (2008). Retrieved July 10, 2009 from http://www.michigan.gov/documents/ScreenPlan_11223_7.pdf Michigan Government. (2002). What is a HEPA vacuum and how do I use it? Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.michigan.gov/printerFriendly/0,1687,7-132-2940_2955_2983-19755--,00.html Moeller, D.W. (2005). Environmental health (3rd ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008). Quotes. Retrieved July 7, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/Region2/library/quotes.htm • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008). Quotes. Mohandas K. Gandhi quoted in EF Schumacher, Small is Beautiful. Retrieved July 12, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/Region2/library/quotes.htm • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008). Quotes. Fujio Cho, President of Toyota Motors, North American International Auto Show, 2004. Retrieved July 12, 2009 from http://www.epa.gov/Region2/library/quotes.htm • World Health Organization. (1995). Recent Developments in Low-Level Lead Exposure and Intellectual Impairment in Children. Retrieved July 12, 2009from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html • Ziegler EE, Edwards BB, Jensen RL, et al. 1978. Absorption and retention of lead by infants. Pediatr Res 12:29-34. Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.ehponline.org/members/2004/6941/6941.html

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